Intraocular Pressure, Axial Length, and Refractive Changes after Phacoemulsification and Trabeculectomy for Open-Angle Glaucoma

PURPOSE: To compare changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), axial eye length (AEL), and refractive outcome in primary open-angle glaucoma patients undergoing cataract surgery and trabeculectomy in dependence of the sequence of surgeries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed 48 eyes. The changes in refraction, intraocular pressure, and axial eye length were analysed after surgery. In group A (21 subjects), phacoemulsification was performed before trabeculectomy, and in group B (27 subjects), trabeculectomy was performed before phacoemulsification with a minimum time span between interventions of 6 months. RESULTS: The reduction in IOP and the decrease in AEL after trabeculectomy were significant after 6 and 12 months postsurgery (p < 0.001 each). The decrease in AEL was 0.42 ± 0.11% at 6 months after surgery and 0.40 ± 0.13% after 12 months from surgery; this decrease in AEL was comparable between the groups. The refractive outcome was significantly different between the groups (group A: 0.35 ± 0.75 dpt, group B: −0.05 ± 0.36 dpt, p = 0.018); in group A, trabeculectomy caused a hyperopic shift of 0.34 ± 0.44 dpt (p = 0.002) at 12 months postsurgery. CONCLUSION: IOP reduction after trabeculectomy causes AEL shortening. The effect on refractive outcome depends on the sequence of surgeries. Better refractive outcome is achieved if phacoemulsification is performed after trabeculectomy.