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Role of intrafamilial transmission in high prevalence of hepatitis C virus in Egypt
BACKGROUND: Egypt has the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. Although an effective HCV treatment program has been adopted, it is estimated that the number of newly reported cases in Egypt is still high. Intrafamilial transmission may play a role in the high prevalence of HCV in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove Medical Press
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5476657/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28652827 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/HMER.S129681 |
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author | Omar, Maha Z Metwally, Mohamed A El-Feky, Hala M Ahmed, Inas A Ismail, Mohamed A Idris, Amal |
author_facet | Omar, Maha Z Metwally, Mohamed A El-Feky, Hala M Ahmed, Inas A Ismail, Mohamed A Idris, Amal |
author_sort | Omar, Maha Z |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Egypt has the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. Although an effective HCV treatment program has been adopted, it is estimated that the number of newly reported cases in Egypt is still high. Intrafamilial transmission may play a role in the high prevalence of HCV in Egypt. Identification of risk factors for the transmission of HCV may help in decreasing its prevalence and eliminating its infection. AIM: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HCV infection among the household contacts of HCV patients and identify the possible risk factors associated with intrafamilial transmission. METHODS: This study was designed as a cohort study of 90 families of patients with confirmed chronic HCV and 38 families of non-HCV-infected persons. Diagnosis of HCV infection was performed by detection of HCV antibodies by fourth-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed by HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction. A pre-prepared questionnaire on risk factors was filled out by the participants. The prevalence of HCV was calculated, and univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to identify the independent risk factors. RESULTS: Among 90 positive-index families, 32 (35.6%) had contact persons with HCV infection compared to two of 38 (5.3%) negative-index families (P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] = 9.9). Out of 257 index-positive contacts, 38 (14.8%) were infected compared to three of 75 (4%) of index-negative contacts (P = 0.01, OR = 4.3). Infection was associated with older age (6.9% of those aged <20 years, 10.4% of those aged 20–39 years, and 22% of those aged ≥40 years were infected) (P = 0.007). Husbands of infected wives were at a higher risk (33% infected) than wives (13.5%) and sons (16.9%) (P < 0.001). A history of hepatic encephalopathy was the independent predictor of intrafamilial transmission (P < 0.001, OR = 5.4). CONCLUSION: Intrafamilial transmission was found to possibly play a major role in the high prevalence of HCV in Egypt. Transmission was associated with older age and contact with patients with hepatic encephalopathy and was high among husbands of infected wives. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5476657 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Dove Medical Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54766572017-06-26 Role of intrafamilial transmission in high prevalence of hepatitis C virus in Egypt Omar, Maha Z Metwally, Mohamed A El-Feky, Hala M Ahmed, Inas A Ismail, Mohamed A Idris, Amal Hepat Med Original Research BACKGROUND: Egypt has the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. Although an effective HCV treatment program has been adopted, it is estimated that the number of newly reported cases in Egypt is still high. Intrafamilial transmission may play a role in the high prevalence of HCV in Egypt. Identification of risk factors for the transmission of HCV may help in decreasing its prevalence and eliminating its infection. AIM: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HCV infection among the household contacts of HCV patients and identify the possible risk factors associated with intrafamilial transmission. METHODS: This study was designed as a cohort study of 90 families of patients with confirmed chronic HCV and 38 families of non-HCV-infected persons. Diagnosis of HCV infection was performed by detection of HCV antibodies by fourth-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed by HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction. A pre-prepared questionnaire on risk factors was filled out by the participants. The prevalence of HCV was calculated, and univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to identify the independent risk factors. RESULTS: Among 90 positive-index families, 32 (35.6%) had contact persons with HCV infection compared to two of 38 (5.3%) negative-index families (P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] = 9.9). Out of 257 index-positive contacts, 38 (14.8%) were infected compared to three of 75 (4%) of index-negative contacts (P = 0.01, OR = 4.3). Infection was associated with older age (6.9% of those aged <20 years, 10.4% of those aged 20–39 years, and 22% of those aged ≥40 years were infected) (P = 0.007). Husbands of infected wives were at a higher risk (33% infected) than wives (13.5%) and sons (16.9%) (P < 0.001). A history of hepatic encephalopathy was the independent predictor of intrafamilial transmission (P < 0.001, OR = 5.4). CONCLUSION: Intrafamilial transmission was found to possibly play a major role in the high prevalence of HCV in Egypt. Transmission was associated with older age and contact with patients with hepatic encephalopathy and was high among husbands of infected wives. Dove Medical Press 2017-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5476657/ /pubmed/28652827 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/HMER.S129681 Text en © 2017 Omar et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Omar, Maha Z Metwally, Mohamed A El-Feky, Hala M Ahmed, Inas A Ismail, Mohamed A Idris, Amal Role of intrafamilial transmission in high prevalence of hepatitis C virus in Egypt |
title | Role of intrafamilial transmission in high prevalence of hepatitis C virus in Egypt |
title_full | Role of intrafamilial transmission in high prevalence of hepatitis C virus in Egypt |
title_fullStr | Role of intrafamilial transmission in high prevalence of hepatitis C virus in Egypt |
title_full_unstemmed | Role of intrafamilial transmission in high prevalence of hepatitis C virus in Egypt |
title_short | Role of intrafamilial transmission in high prevalence of hepatitis C virus in Egypt |
title_sort | role of intrafamilial transmission in high prevalence of hepatitis c virus in egypt |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5476657/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28652827 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/HMER.S129681 |
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