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Smoking prevalence in Medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate
BACKGROUND: In recent decades the overall smoking prevalence in the US has fallen steadily. This study examines whether the same trend is seen in the Medicaid population. METHODS AND FINDINGS: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data from 17 consecutive annual surveys from 1997 to 2013 (combined...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5479677/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28542637 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178279 |
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author | Zhu, Shu-Hong Anderson, Christopher M. Zhuang, Yue-Lin Gamst, Anthony C. Kohatsu, Neal D. |
author_facet | Zhu, Shu-Hong Anderson, Christopher M. Zhuang, Yue-Lin Gamst, Anthony C. Kohatsu, Neal D. |
author_sort | Zhu, Shu-Hong |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: In recent decades the overall smoking prevalence in the US has fallen steadily. This study examines whether the same trend is seen in the Medicaid population. METHODS AND FINDINGS: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data from 17 consecutive annual surveys from 1997 to 2013 (combined N = 514,043) were used to compare smoking trends for 4 insurance groups: Medicaid, the Uninsured, Private Insurance, and Other Coverage. Rates of chronic disease and psychological distress were also compared. RESULTS: Adjusted smoking prevalence showed no detectable decline in the Medicaid population (from 33.8% in 1997 to 31.8% in 2013, trend test P = 0.13), while prevalence in the other insurance groups showed significant declines (38.6%-34.7% for the Uninsured, 21.3%-15.8% for Private Insurance, and 22.6%-16.8% for Other Coverage; all P’s<0.005). Among individuals who have ever smoked, Medicaid recipients were less likely to have quit (38.8%) than those in Private Insurance (62.3%) or Other Coverage (69.8%; both P’s<0.001). Smokers in Medicaid were more likely than those in Private Insurance and the Uninsured to have chronic disease (55.0% vs 37.3% and 32.4%, respectively; both P’s<0.01). Smokers in Medicaid were also more likely to experience severe psychological distress (16.2% for Medicaid vs 3.2% for Private Insurance and 7.6% for the Uninsured; both P’s<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The high and relatively unchanging smoking prevalence in the Medicaid population, low quit ratio, and high rates of chronic disease and severe psychological distress highlight the need to focus on this population. A targeted and sustained campaign to help Medicaid recipients quit smoking is urgently needed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5479677 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54796772017-07-06 Smoking prevalence in Medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate Zhu, Shu-Hong Anderson, Christopher M. Zhuang, Yue-Lin Gamst, Anthony C. Kohatsu, Neal D. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: In recent decades the overall smoking prevalence in the US has fallen steadily. This study examines whether the same trend is seen in the Medicaid population. METHODS AND FINDINGS: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data from 17 consecutive annual surveys from 1997 to 2013 (combined N = 514,043) were used to compare smoking trends for 4 insurance groups: Medicaid, the Uninsured, Private Insurance, and Other Coverage. Rates of chronic disease and psychological distress were also compared. RESULTS: Adjusted smoking prevalence showed no detectable decline in the Medicaid population (from 33.8% in 1997 to 31.8% in 2013, trend test P = 0.13), while prevalence in the other insurance groups showed significant declines (38.6%-34.7% for the Uninsured, 21.3%-15.8% for Private Insurance, and 22.6%-16.8% for Other Coverage; all P’s<0.005). Among individuals who have ever smoked, Medicaid recipients were less likely to have quit (38.8%) than those in Private Insurance (62.3%) or Other Coverage (69.8%; both P’s<0.001). Smokers in Medicaid were more likely than those in Private Insurance and the Uninsured to have chronic disease (55.0% vs 37.3% and 32.4%, respectively; both P’s<0.01). Smokers in Medicaid were also more likely to experience severe psychological distress (16.2% for Medicaid vs 3.2% for Private Insurance and 7.6% for the Uninsured; both P’s<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The high and relatively unchanging smoking prevalence in the Medicaid population, low quit ratio, and high rates of chronic disease and severe psychological distress highlight the need to focus on this population. A targeted and sustained campaign to help Medicaid recipients quit smoking is urgently needed. Public Library of Science 2017-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC5479677/ /pubmed/28542637 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178279 Text en © 2017 Zhu et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Zhu, Shu-Hong Anderson, Christopher M. Zhuang, Yue-Lin Gamst, Anthony C. Kohatsu, Neal D. Smoking prevalence in Medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate |
title | Smoking prevalence in Medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate |
title_full | Smoking prevalence in Medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate |
title_fullStr | Smoking prevalence in Medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate |
title_full_unstemmed | Smoking prevalence in Medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate |
title_short | Smoking prevalence in Medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate |
title_sort | smoking prevalence in medicaid has been declining at a negligible rate |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5479677/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28542637 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178279 |
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