The expression of DNA methyltransferases3A is specifically downregulated in chorionic villi of early embryo growth arrest cases

The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression pattern of four DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B and DNMT3L) in placenta chorionic villi of early embryo growth arrest patients. Chorionic villous specimens were obtained from 40 pregnant patients diagnosed with early embryo growth arrest and 40 healthy women who underwent selective pregnancy termination. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis were performed to characterize the mRNA and protein expression of DNMTs in chorionic villous cells. It was identified, among the four DNMTs, DNMT3B presented the highest level of protein expression in both patient groups. Although the mRNA expressions of the four DNMTs were comparable, the DNMT3A protein was specifically downregulated in patients with early embryo growth arrest. Therefore, the current study suggests that an abnormal decrease in DNMT3A protein levels may be involved in the pathogenesis of early embryo growth arrest.