CT findings in patients with Cabazitaxel induced pelvic pain and haematuria: a case series

BACKGROUND: Haematuria and pelvic pain are recognized and documented adverse reactions related to Cabazitaxel use. To date there has not been any documentation of imaging findings in patients with this presentation. CASES: We report a case series of five patients who experienced these symptoms while on Cabazitaxel and were all found to have very similar urothelial changes on CT. The patients were noted to have ureteric and renal pelvic dilatation along with urothelial enhancement (in those who had post contrast imaging). All of these changes were noted to be reversible in those who had follow up imaging after cessation of Cabazitaxel and initiation of a short course of steroids. CONCLUSION: This case series helps demonstrate the pathological reversible urothelial inflammatory changes that may be occurring in patients experiencing haematuria and pelvic pain on Cabazitaxel therapy. These changes may relate to direct toxic effect of drug metabolites, a radiation recall type phenomenon or a combination of both.