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Physiological and Transcriptional Changes of Three Citrus Rootstock Seedlings under Iron Deficiency

Iron is an essential micronutrient for plants, and plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to improve iron acquisition from soils. Grafting on iron deficiency-tolerant rootstock is an effective strategy to prevent iron deficiency-chlorosis in fruit-tree crops. To determine the mechanisms underlying...

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Autores principales: Fu, Lina, Zhu, Qingqing, Sun, Yinya, Du, Wei, Pan, Zhiyong, Peng, Shu’ang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5483480/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28694816
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01104
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author Fu, Lina
Zhu, Qingqing
Sun, Yinya
Du, Wei
Pan, Zhiyong
Peng, Shu’ang
author_facet Fu, Lina
Zhu, Qingqing
Sun, Yinya
Du, Wei
Pan, Zhiyong
Peng, Shu’ang
author_sort Fu, Lina
collection PubMed
description Iron is an essential micronutrient for plants, and plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to improve iron acquisition from soils. Grafting on iron deficiency-tolerant rootstock is an effective strategy to prevent iron deficiency-chlorosis in fruit-tree crops. To determine the mechanisms underlying iron uptake in iron deficiency, two iron deficiency-tolerant citrus rootstocks, Zhique (ZQ) and Xiangcheng (XC), as well as iron deficiency-sensitive rootstock trifoliate orange (TO) seedlings were studied. Plants were grown in hydroponics system for 100 days, having 50 μM iron (control) and 0 μM iron (iron deficiency) nutrient solution. Under iron deficiency, more obvious visual symptoms of iron chlorosis were observed in the leaves of TO, whereas slight symptoms were observed in ZQ and XC. This was further supported by the lower chlorophyll concentration in the leaves of TO than in leaves of ZQ and XC. Ferrous iron showed no differences among the three citrus rootstock roots, whereas ferrous iron was significantly higher in leaves of ZQ and XC than TO. The specific iron absorption rate and leaf iron proportion were significantly higher in ZQ and XC than in TO, suggesting the iron deficiency tolerance can be explained by increased iron uptake in roots of ZQ and XC, allowed by subsequent translocation to shoots. In transcriptome analysis, 29, 298, and 500 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to iron deficiency were identified in ZQ, XC, and TO, respectively (Fold change ≥ 2 and Probability ≥ 0.8 were used as thresholds to identify DEGs). A Gene Ontology analysis suggested that several genotype-specific biological processes are involved in response to iron deficiency. Genes associated with cell wall biosynthesis, ethylene and abscisic acid signal transduction pathways were involved in iron deficiency responses in citrus rootstocks. The results of this study provide a basis for future analyses of the physiological and molecular mechanisms of the tolerance of different citrus rootstocks to iron deficiency.
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spelling pubmed-54834802017-07-10 Physiological and Transcriptional Changes of Three Citrus Rootstock Seedlings under Iron Deficiency Fu, Lina Zhu, Qingqing Sun, Yinya Du, Wei Pan, Zhiyong Peng, Shu’ang Front Plant Sci Plant Science Iron is an essential micronutrient for plants, and plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to improve iron acquisition from soils. Grafting on iron deficiency-tolerant rootstock is an effective strategy to prevent iron deficiency-chlorosis in fruit-tree crops. To determine the mechanisms underlying iron uptake in iron deficiency, two iron deficiency-tolerant citrus rootstocks, Zhique (ZQ) and Xiangcheng (XC), as well as iron deficiency-sensitive rootstock trifoliate orange (TO) seedlings were studied. Plants were grown in hydroponics system for 100 days, having 50 μM iron (control) and 0 μM iron (iron deficiency) nutrient solution. Under iron deficiency, more obvious visual symptoms of iron chlorosis were observed in the leaves of TO, whereas slight symptoms were observed in ZQ and XC. This was further supported by the lower chlorophyll concentration in the leaves of TO than in leaves of ZQ and XC. Ferrous iron showed no differences among the three citrus rootstock roots, whereas ferrous iron was significantly higher in leaves of ZQ and XC than TO. The specific iron absorption rate and leaf iron proportion were significantly higher in ZQ and XC than in TO, suggesting the iron deficiency tolerance can be explained by increased iron uptake in roots of ZQ and XC, allowed by subsequent translocation to shoots. In transcriptome analysis, 29, 298, and 500 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to iron deficiency were identified in ZQ, XC, and TO, respectively (Fold change ≥ 2 and Probability ≥ 0.8 were used as thresholds to identify DEGs). A Gene Ontology analysis suggested that several genotype-specific biological processes are involved in response to iron deficiency. Genes associated with cell wall biosynthesis, ethylene and abscisic acid signal transduction pathways were involved in iron deficiency responses in citrus rootstocks. The results of this study provide a basis for future analyses of the physiological and molecular mechanisms of the tolerance of different citrus rootstocks to iron deficiency. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5483480/ /pubmed/28694816 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01104 Text en Copyright © 2017 Fu, Zhu, Sun, Du, Pan and Peng. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Fu, Lina
Zhu, Qingqing
Sun, Yinya
Du, Wei
Pan, Zhiyong
Peng, Shu’ang
Physiological and Transcriptional Changes of Three Citrus Rootstock Seedlings under Iron Deficiency
title Physiological and Transcriptional Changes of Three Citrus Rootstock Seedlings under Iron Deficiency
title_full Physiological and Transcriptional Changes of Three Citrus Rootstock Seedlings under Iron Deficiency
title_fullStr Physiological and Transcriptional Changes of Three Citrus Rootstock Seedlings under Iron Deficiency
title_full_unstemmed Physiological and Transcriptional Changes of Three Citrus Rootstock Seedlings under Iron Deficiency
title_short Physiological and Transcriptional Changes of Three Citrus Rootstock Seedlings under Iron Deficiency
title_sort physiological and transcriptional changes of three citrus rootstock seedlings under iron deficiency
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5483480/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28694816
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01104
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