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Electrophysiological Indices of Audiovisual Speech Perception in the Broader Autism Phenotype
When a speaker talks, the consequences of this can both be heard (audio) and seen (visual). A novel visual phonemic restoration task was used to assess behavioral discrimination and neural signatures (event-related potentials, or ERP) of audiovisual processing in typically developing children with a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5483633/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28574442 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7060060 |
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author | Irwin, Julia Avery, Trey Turcios, Jacqueline Brancazio, Lawrence Cook, Barbara Landi, Nicole |
author_facet | Irwin, Julia Avery, Trey Turcios, Jacqueline Brancazio, Lawrence Cook, Barbara Landi, Nicole |
author_sort | Irwin, Julia |
collection | PubMed |
description | When a speaker talks, the consequences of this can both be heard (audio) and seen (visual). A novel visual phonemic restoration task was used to assess behavioral discrimination and neural signatures (event-related potentials, or ERP) of audiovisual processing in typically developing children with a range of social and communicative skills assessed using the social responsiveness scale, a measure of traits associated with autism. An auditory oddball design presented two types of stimuli to the listener, a clear exemplar of an auditory consonant–vowel syllable /ba/ (the more frequently occurring standard stimulus), and a syllable in which the auditory cues for the consonant were substantially weakened, creating a stimulus which is more like /a/ (the infrequently presented deviant stimulus). All speech tokens were paired with a face producing /ba/ or a face with a pixelated mouth containing motion but no visual speech. In this paradigm, the visual /ba/ should cause the auditory /a/ to be perceived as /ba/, creating an attenuated oddball response; in contrast, a pixelated video (without articulatory information) should not have this effect. Behaviorally, participants showed visual phonemic restoration (reduced accuracy in detecting deviant /a/) in the presence of a speaking face. In addition, ERPs were observed in both an early time window (N100) and a later time window (P300) that were sensitive to speech context (/ba/ or /a/) and modulated by face context (speaking face with visible articulation or with pixelated mouth). Specifically, the oddball responses for the N100 and P300 were attenuated in the presence of a face producing /ba/ relative to a pixelated face, representing a possible neural correlate of the phonemic restoration effect. Notably, those individuals with more traits associated with autism (yet still in the non-clinical range) had smaller P300 responses overall, regardless of face context, suggesting generally reduced phonemic discrimination. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5483633 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54836332017-06-28 Electrophysiological Indices of Audiovisual Speech Perception in the Broader Autism Phenotype Irwin, Julia Avery, Trey Turcios, Jacqueline Brancazio, Lawrence Cook, Barbara Landi, Nicole Brain Sci Article When a speaker talks, the consequences of this can both be heard (audio) and seen (visual). A novel visual phonemic restoration task was used to assess behavioral discrimination and neural signatures (event-related potentials, or ERP) of audiovisual processing in typically developing children with a range of social and communicative skills assessed using the social responsiveness scale, a measure of traits associated with autism. An auditory oddball design presented two types of stimuli to the listener, a clear exemplar of an auditory consonant–vowel syllable /ba/ (the more frequently occurring standard stimulus), and a syllable in which the auditory cues for the consonant were substantially weakened, creating a stimulus which is more like /a/ (the infrequently presented deviant stimulus). All speech tokens were paired with a face producing /ba/ or a face with a pixelated mouth containing motion but no visual speech. In this paradigm, the visual /ba/ should cause the auditory /a/ to be perceived as /ba/, creating an attenuated oddball response; in contrast, a pixelated video (without articulatory information) should not have this effect. Behaviorally, participants showed visual phonemic restoration (reduced accuracy in detecting deviant /a/) in the presence of a speaking face. In addition, ERPs were observed in both an early time window (N100) and a later time window (P300) that were sensitive to speech context (/ba/ or /a/) and modulated by face context (speaking face with visible articulation or with pixelated mouth). Specifically, the oddball responses for the N100 and P300 were attenuated in the presence of a face producing /ba/ relative to a pixelated face, representing a possible neural correlate of the phonemic restoration effect. Notably, those individuals with more traits associated with autism (yet still in the non-clinical range) had smaller P300 responses overall, regardless of face context, suggesting generally reduced phonemic discrimination. MDPI 2017-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5483633/ /pubmed/28574442 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7060060 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Irwin, Julia Avery, Trey Turcios, Jacqueline Brancazio, Lawrence Cook, Barbara Landi, Nicole Electrophysiological Indices of Audiovisual Speech Perception in the Broader Autism Phenotype |
title | Electrophysiological Indices of Audiovisual Speech Perception in the Broader Autism Phenotype |
title_full | Electrophysiological Indices of Audiovisual Speech Perception in the Broader Autism Phenotype |
title_fullStr | Electrophysiological Indices of Audiovisual Speech Perception in the Broader Autism Phenotype |
title_full_unstemmed | Electrophysiological Indices of Audiovisual Speech Perception in the Broader Autism Phenotype |
title_short | Electrophysiological Indices of Audiovisual Speech Perception in the Broader Autism Phenotype |
title_sort | electrophysiological indices of audiovisual speech perception in the broader autism phenotype |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5483633/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28574442 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7060060 |
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