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pH of anti-VEGF agents in the human vitreous: low impact of very different formulations
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to measure pH changes of the human vitreous caused by the intravitreal drugs bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, and ziv-aflibercept. METHODS: Fresh human vitreous samples were obtained during core vitrectomy (23-gauge) from patients with epiretinal gliosis. A...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5483844/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28652928 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40942-017-0075-x |
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author | Sobolewska, Bianka Heiduschka, Peter Bartz-Schmidt, Karl-Ulrich Ziemssen, Focke |
author_facet | Sobolewska, Bianka Heiduschka, Peter Bartz-Schmidt, Karl-Ulrich Ziemssen, Focke |
author_sort | Sobolewska, Bianka |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to measure pH changes of the human vitreous caused by the intravitreal drugs bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, and ziv-aflibercept. METHODS: Fresh human vitreous samples were obtained during core vitrectomy (23-gauge) from patients with epiretinal gliosis. Aliquots of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept or ziv-aflibercept (2 µl) were added consecutively to 200 µl of vitreous samples or 0.9% NaCl saline. The pH was measured using a pH-sensitive microelectrode. Rituximab, in off-label use against intraocular lymphoma, was tested as an IgG1 antibody. RESULTS: The pH of the administered drugs was 5.91 for bevacizumab (95% CI 5.63–6.19), 5.32 for ranibizumab (95% CI 5.0–5.63), 6.05 for aflibercept (95% CI 5.78–6.31), ziv-aflibercept 6.1 (95% CI 6.05–6.15), and 6.29 for rituximab (95% CI 5.97–6.61). While the fresh and undiluted vitreous fluid showed pH values of 7.0–7.4, pH values increased if saline or rituximab were added. In contrast, the pH decreased slightly if aflibercept, bevacizumab, ranibizumab or ziv-aflibercept were supplemented. The observed pH decreases were not significant after ranibizumab was added. Significant changes were only notable with higher-than-normal amounts of bevacizumab (26–40 µl). The vitreous showed the most robust buffering capacity towards ranibizumab and rituximab. CONCLUSIONS: The pH changes in vitreous samples elicited by the usual intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs differed clearly, but only by much higher concentrations than used in the clinical routine. Although the ingredient solution of ranibizumab showed the lowest pH, it caused only moderate changes of vitreal pH compared to bevacizumab, aflibercept or ziv-aflibercept. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5483844 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54838442017-06-26 pH of anti-VEGF agents in the human vitreous: low impact of very different formulations Sobolewska, Bianka Heiduschka, Peter Bartz-Schmidt, Karl-Ulrich Ziemssen, Focke Int J Retina Vitreous Original Article BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to measure pH changes of the human vitreous caused by the intravitreal drugs bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, and ziv-aflibercept. METHODS: Fresh human vitreous samples were obtained during core vitrectomy (23-gauge) from patients with epiretinal gliosis. Aliquots of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept or ziv-aflibercept (2 µl) were added consecutively to 200 µl of vitreous samples or 0.9% NaCl saline. The pH was measured using a pH-sensitive microelectrode. Rituximab, in off-label use against intraocular lymphoma, was tested as an IgG1 antibody. RESULTS: The pH of the administered drugs was 5.91 for bevacizumab (95% CI 5.63–6.19), 5.32 for ranibizumab (95% CI 5.0–5.63), 6.05 for aflibercept (95% CI 5.78–6.31), ziv-aflibercept 6.1 (95% CI 6.05–6.15), and 6.29 for rituximab (95% CI 5.97–6.61). While the fresh and undiluted vitreous fluid showed pH values of 7.0–7.4, pH values increased if saline or rituximab were added. In contrast, the pH decreased slightly if aflibercept, bevacizumab, ranibizumab or ziv-aflibercept were supplemented. The observed pH decreases were not significant after ranibizumab was added. Significant changes were only notable with higher-than-normal amounts of bevacizumab (26–40 µl). The vitreous showed the most robust buffering capacity towards ranibizumab and rituximab. CONCLUSIONS: The pH changes in vitreous samples elicited by the usual intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs differed clearly, but only by much higher concentrations than used in the clinical routine. Although the ingredient solution of ranibizumab showed the lowest pH, it caused only moderate changes of vitreal pH compared to bevacizumab, aflibercept or ziv-aflibercept. BioMed Central 2017-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5483844/ /pubmed/28652928 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40942-017-0075-x Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Sobolewska, Bianka Heiduschka, Peter Bartz-Schmidt, Karl-Ulrich Ziemssen, Focke pH of anti-VEGF agents in the human vitreous: low impact of very different formulations |
title | pH of anti-VEGF agents in the human vitreous: low impact of very different formulations |
title_full | pH of anti-VEGF agents in the human vitreous: low impact of very different formulations |
title_fullStr | pH of anti-VEGF agents in the human vitreous: low impact of very different formulations |
title_full_unstemmed | pH of anti-VEGF agents in the human vitreous: low impact of very different formulations |
title_short | pH of anti-VEGF agents in the human vitreous: low impact of very different formulations |
title_sort | ph of anti-vegf agents in the human vitreous: low impact of very different formulations |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5483844/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28652928 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40942-017-0075-x |
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