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TNT‐Induced Phagocytosis: Tunneling Nanotubes Mediate the Transfer of Pro‐Phagocytic Signals From Apoptotic to Viable Cells

The exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the surface membrane of apoptotic cells triggers the recruitment of phagocytic receptors and subsequently results in uptake by phagocytes. Here we describe how apoptotic cells can use intercellular membrane nanotubes to transfer exposed PS to neighboring vi...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bittins, Margarethe, Wang, Xiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5485076/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27591547
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.25584
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author Bittins, Margarethe
Wang, Xiang
author_facet Bittins, Margarethe
Wang, Xiang
author_sort Bittins, Margarethe
collection PubMed
description The exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the surface membrane of apoptotic cells triggers the recruitment of phagocytic receptors and subsequently results in uptake by phagocytes. Here we describe how apoptotic cells can use intercellular membrane nanotubes to transfer exposed PS to neighboring viable cells, and thus deposit an “eat‐me” tag on the viable cells. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) connected UV‐treated apoptotic rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells with neighboring untreated cells. These TNTs were composed of PS‐exposed plasma membrane and facilitated the transfer of the membrane from apoptotic to viable cells. Other pro‐phagocytic signals, such as oxidized phospholipids and calreticulin, were also transferred to viable cells. In addition, anti‐phagocytic signal CD47 presenting on the plasma membrane of viable cells was masked by the transferred PS‐membrane. Confocal imaging revealed an increase of phagocytosis of viable PC12 cells by murine RAW264.7 macrophages when the viable PC12 cells were cocultured with UV‐treated PC12 cells. Treatment with 50 nM cytochalasin D would abolish TNTs and correspondingly inhibit this phagocytosis of the viable cells. Our study indicates that exposed‐PS membrane is delivered from apoptotic to viable cells through TNTs. This transferred membrane may act as a pro‐phagocytic signal for macrophages to induce phagocytosis of viable cells in a situation where they are in the vicinity of apoptotic cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2271–2279, 2017. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Physiology Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc.
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spelling pubmed-54850762017-07-11 TNT‐Induced Phagocytosis: Tunneling Nanotubes Mediate the Transfer of Pro‐Phagocytic Signals From Apoptotic to Viable Cells Bittins, Margarethe Wang, Xiang J Cell Physiol Rapid Communication The exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the surface membrane of apoptotic cells triggers the recruitment of phagocytic receptors and subsequently results in uptake by phagocytes. Here we describe how apoptotic cells can use intercellular membrane nanotubes to transfer exposed PS to neighboring viable cells, and thus deposit an “eat‐me” tag on the viable cells. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) connected UV‐treated apoptotic rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells with neighboring untreated cells. These TNTs were composed of PS‐exposed plasma membrane and facilitated the transfer of the membrane from apoptotic to viable cells. Other pro‐phagocytic signals, such as oxidized phospholipids and calreticulin, were also transferred to viable cells. In addition, anti‐phagocytic signal CD47 presenting on the plasma membrane of viable cells was masked by the transferred PS‐membrane. Confocal imaging revealed an increase of phagocytosis of viable PC12 cells by murine RAW264.7 macrophages when the viable PC12 cells were cocultured with UV‐treated PC12 cells. Treatment with 50 nM cytochalasin D would abolish TNTs and correspondingly inhibit this phagocytosis of the viable cells. Our study indicates that exposed‐PS membrane is delivered from apoptotic to viable cells through TNTs. This transferred membrane may act as a pro‐phagocytic signal for macrophages to induce phagocytosis of viable cells in a situation where they are in the vicinity of apoptotic cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2271–2279, 2017. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Physiology Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017-03-31 2017-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5485076/ /pubmed/27591547 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.25584 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Physiology Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Rapid Communication
Bittins, Margarethe
Wang, Xiang
TNT‐Induced Phagocytosis: Tunneling Nanotubes Mediate the Transfer of Pro‐Phagocytic Signals From Apoptotic to Viable Cells
title TNT‐Induced Phagocytosis: Tunneling Nanotubes Mediate the Transfer of Pro‐Phagocytic Signals From Apoptotic to Viable Cells
title_full TNT‐Induced Phagocytosis: Tunneling Nanotubes Mediate the Transfer of Pro‐Phagocytic Signals From Apoptotic to Viable Cells
title_fullStr TNT‐Induced Phagocytosis: Tunneling Nanotubes Mediate the Transfer of Pro‐Phagocytic Signals From Apoptotic to Viable Cells
title_full_unstemmed TNT‐Induced Phagocytosis: Tunneling Nanotubes Mediate the Transfer of Pro‐Phagocytic Signals From Apoptotic to Viable Cells
title_short TNT‐Induced Phagocytosis: Tunneling Nanotubes Mediate the Transfer of Pro‐Phagocytic Signals From Apoptotic to Viable Cells
title_sort tnt‐induced phagocytosis: tunneling nanotubes mediate the transfer of pro‐phagocytic signals from apoptotic to viable cells
topic Rapid Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5485076/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27591547
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.25584
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