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Gene-Diet Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes: The Chicken and Egg Debate
Consistent evidence from both experimental and human studies indicates that Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease resulting from the interaction of genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Nutrients and dietary patterns are important environmental factors to consider...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5486011/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28574454 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061188 |
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author | Ortega, Ángeles Berná, Genoveva Rojas, Anabel Martín, Franz Soria, Bernat |
author_facet | Ortega, Ángeles Berná, Genoveva Rojas, Anabel Martín, Franz Soria, Bernat |
author_sort | Ortega, Ángeles |
collection | PubMed |
description | Consistent evidence from both experimental and human studies indicates that Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease resulting from the interaction of genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Nutrients and dietary patterns are important environmental factors to consider in the prevention, development and treatment of this disease. Nutritional genomics focuses on the interaction between bioactive food components and the genome and includes studies of nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics and epigenetic modifications caused by nutrients. There is evidence supporting the existence of nutrient-gene and T2DM interactions coming from animal studies and family-based intervention studies. Moreover, many case-control, cohort, cross-sectional cohort studies and clinical trials have identified relationships between individual genetic load, diet and T2DM. Some of these studies were on a large scale. In addition, studies with animal models and human observational studies, in different countries over periods of time, support a causative relationship between adverse nutritional conditions during in utero development, persistent epigenetic changes and T2DM. This review provides comprehensive information on the current state of nutrient-gene interactions and their role in T2DM pathogenesis, the relationship between individual genetic load and diet, and the importance of epigenetic factors in influencing gene expression and defining the individual risk of T2DM. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5486011 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-54860112017-06-29 Gene-Diet Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes: The Chicken and Egg Debate Ortega, Ángeles Berná, Genoveva Rojas, Anabel Martín, Franz Soria, Bernat Int J Mol Sci Review Consistent evidence from both experimental and human studies indicates that Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease resulting from the interaction of genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Nutrients and dietary patterns are important environmental factors to consider in the prevention, development and treatment of this disease. Nutritional genomics focuses on the interaction between bioactive food components and the genome and includes studies of nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics and epigenetic modifications caused by nutrients. There is evidence supporting the existence of nutrient-gene and T2DM interactions coming from animal studies and family-based intervention studies. Moreover, many case-control, cohort, cross-sectional cohort studies and clinical trials have identified relationships between individual genetic load, diet and T2DM. Some of these studies were on a large scale. In addition, studies with animal models and human observational studies, in different countries over periods of time, support a causative relationship between adverse nutritional conditions during in utero development, persistent epigenetic changes and T2DM. This review provides comprehensive information on the current state of nutrient-gene interactions and their role in T2DM pathogenesis, the relationship between individual genetic load and diet, and the importance of epigenetic factors in influencing gene expression and defining the individual risk of T2DM. MDPI 2017-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5486011/ /pubmed/28574454 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061188 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ortega, Ángeles Berná, Genoveva Rojas, Anabel Martín, Franz Soria, Bernat Gene-Diet Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes: The Chicken and Egg Debate |
title | Gene-Diet Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes: The Chicken and Egg Debate |
title_full | Gene-Diet Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes: The Chicken and Egg Debate |
title_fullStr | Gene-Diet Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes: The Chicken and Egg Debate |
title_full_unstemmed | Gene-Diet Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes: The Chicken and Egg Debate |
title_short | Gene-Diet Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes: The Chicken and Egg Debate |
title_sort | gene-diet interactions in type 2 diabetes: the chicken and egg debate |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5486011/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28574454 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061188 |
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