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Picture-word interference is a Stroop effect: A theoretical analysis and new empirical findings

The picture-word interference (PWI) paradigm and the Stroop color-word interference task are often assumed to reflect the same underlying processes. On the basis of a PRP study, Dell’Acqua et al. (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14: 717-722, 2007) argued that this assumption is incorrect. In this...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Starreveld, Peter A., La Heij, Wido
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5486857/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27714665
http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1167-6
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author Starreveld, Peter A.
La Heij, Wido
author_facet Starreveld, Peter A.
La Heij, Wido
author_sort Starreveld, Peter A.
collection PubMed
description The picture-word interference (PWI) paradigm and the Stroop color-word interference task are often assumed to reflect the same underlying processes. On the basis of a PRP study, Dell’Acqua et al. (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14: 717-722, 2007) argued that this assumption is incorrect. In this article, we first discuss the definitions of Stroop- and picture-word interference. Next, we argue that both effects consist of at least four components that correspond to four characteristics of the distractor word: (1) response-set membership, (2) task relevance, (3) semantic relatedness, and (4) lexicality. On the basis of this theoretical analysis, we conclude that the typical Stroop effect and the typical PWI effect mainly differ in the relative contributions of these four components. Finally, the results of an interference task are reported in which only the nature of the target – color or picture – was manipulated and all other distractor task characteristics were kept constant. The results showed no difference between color and picture targets with respect to all behavioral measures examined. We conclude that the assumption that the same processes underlie verbal interference in color and picture naming is warranted.
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spelling pubmed-54868572017-07-17 Picture-word interference is a Stroop effect: A theoretical analysis and new empirical findings Starreveld, Peter A. La Heij, Wido Psychon Bull Rev Theoretical Review The picture-word interference (PWI) paradigm and the Stroop color-word interference task are often assumed to reflect the same underlying processes. On the basis of a PRP study, Dell’Acqua et al. (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14: 717-722, 2007) argued that this assumption is incorrect. In this article, we first discuss the definitions of Stroop- and picture-word interference. Next, we argue that both effects consist of at least four components that correspond to four characteristics of the distractor word: (1) response-set membership, (2) task relevance, (3) semantic relatedness, and (4) lexicality. On the basis of this theoretical analysis, we conclude that the typical Stroop effect and the typical PWI effect mainly differ in the relative contributions of these four components. Finally, the results of an interference task are reported in which only the nature of the target – color or picture – was manipulated and all other distractor task characteristics were kept constant. The results showed no difference between color and picture targets with respect to all behavioral measures examined. We conclude that the assumption that the same processes underlie verbal interference in color and picture naming is warranted. Springer US 2016-10-06 2017 /pmc/articles/PMC5486857/ /pubmed/27714665 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1167-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Theoretical Review
Starreveld, Peter A.
La Heij, Wido
Picture-word interference is a Stroop effect: A theoretical analysis and new empirical findings
title Picture-word interference is a Stroop effect: A theoretical analysis and new empirical findings
title_full Picture-word interference is a Stroop effect: A theoretical analysis and new empirical findings
title_fullStr Picture-word interference is a Stroop effect: A theoretical analysis and new empirical findings
title_full_unstemmed Picture-word interference is a Stroop effect: A theoretical analysis and new empirical findings
title_short Picture-word interference is a Stroop effect: A theoretical analysis and new empirical findings
title_sort picture-word interference is a stroop effect: a theoretical analysis and new empirical findings
topic Theoretical Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5486857/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27714665
http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1167-6
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