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Historical perspective of cell transplantation in Parkinson’s disease

Cell grafting has been considered a therapeutic approach for Parkinson’s disease (PD) since the 1980s. The classical motor symptoms of PD are caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to a decrement in dopamine release in the striatum. Consequently, th...

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Autores principales: Boronat-García, Alejandra, Guerra-Crespo, Magdalena, Drucker-Colín, René
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5487308/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28698835
http://dx.doi.org/10.5500/wjt.v7.i3.179
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author Boronat-García, Alejandra
Guerra-Crespo, Magdalena
Drucker-Colín, René
author_facet Boronat-García, Alejandra
Guerra-Crespo, Magdalena
Drucker-Colín, René
author_sort Boronat-García, Alejandra
collection PubMed
description Cell grafting has been considered a therapeutic approach for Parkinson’s disease (PD) since the 1980s. The classical motor symptoms of PD are caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to a decrement in dopamine release in the striatum. Consequently, the therapy of cell-transplantation for PD consists in grafting dopamine-producing cells directly into the brain to reestablish dopamine levels. Different cell sources have been shown to induce functional benefits on both animal models of PD and human patients. However, the observed motor improvements are highly variable between individual subjects, and the sources of this variability are not fully understood. The purpose of this review is to provide a general overview of the pioneering studies done in animal models of PD that established the basis for the first clinical trials in humans, and compare these with the latest findings to identify the most relevant aspects that remain unanswered to date. The main focus of the discussions presented here will be on the mechanisms associated with the survival and functionality of the transplants. These include the role of the dopamine released by the grafts and the capacity of the grafted cells to extend fibers and to integrate into the motor circuit. The complete understanding of these aspects will require extensive research on basic aspects of molecular and cellular physiology, together with neuronal network function, in order to uncover the real potential of cell grafting for treating PD.
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spelling pubmed-54873082017-07-11 Historical perspective of cell transplantation in Parkinson’s disease Boronat-García, Alejandra Guerra-Crespo, Magdalena Drucker-Colín, René World J Transplant Review Cell grafting has been considered a therapeutic approach for Parkinson’s disease (PD) since the 1980s. The classical motor symptoms of PD are caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to a decrement in dopamine release in the striatum. Consequently, the therapy of cell-transplantation for PD consists in grafting dopamine-producing cells directly into the brain to reestablish dopamine levels. Different cell sources have been shown to induce functional benefits on both animal models of PD and human patients. However, the observed motor improvements are highly variable between individual subjects, and the sources of this variability are not fully understood. The purpose of this review is to provide a general overview of the pioneering studies done in animal models of PD that established the basis for the first clinical trials in humans, and compare these with the latest findings to identify the most relevant aspects that remain unanswered to date. The main focus of the discussions presented here will be on the mechanisms associated with the survival and functionality of the transplants. These include the role of the dopamine released by the grafts and the capacity of the grafted cells to extend fibers and to integrate into the motor circuit. The complete understanding of these aspects will require extensive research on basic aspects of molecular and cellular physiology, together with neuronal network function, in order to uncover the real potential of cell grafting for treating PD. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2017-06-24 2017-06-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5487308/ /pubmed/28698835 http://dx.doi.org/10.5500/wjt.v7.i3.179 Text en ©The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
spellingShingle Review
Boronat-García, Alejandra
Guerra-Crespo, Magdalena
Drucker-Colín, René
Historical perspective of cell transplantation in Parkinson’s disease
title Historical perspective of cell transplantation in Parkinson’s disease
title_full Historical perspective of cell transplantation in Parkinson’s disease
title_fullStr Historical perspective of cell transplantation in Parkinson’s disease
title_full_unstemmed Historical perspective of cell transplantation in Parkinson’s disease
title_short Historical perspective of cell transplantation in Parkinson’s disease
title_sort historical perspective of cell transplantation in parkinson’s disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5487308/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28698835
http://dx.doi.org/10.5500/wjt.v7.i3.179
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