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Detecting the Diversity of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Endosymbionts Hosted by Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates

Objectives: The symbiosis of Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis is the first described association between two obligate human parasites. Trichomonas is the niche and the vector for the transmission of M. hominis infection. This clinically significant symbiosis may affect T. vaginalis virul...

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Autores principales: Ioannidis, Anastasios, Papaioannou, Panagiota, Magiorkinis, Emmanouil, Magana, Maria, Ioannidou, Vasiliki, Tzanetou, Konstantina, Burriel, Angeliki R., Tsironi, Maria, Chatzipanagiotou, Stylianos
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5487939/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28702014
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01188
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author Ioannidis, Anastasios
Papaioannou, Panagiota
Magiorkinis, Emmanouil
Magana, Maria
Ioannidou, Vasiliki
Tzanetou, Konstantina
Burriel, Angeliki R.
Tsironi, Maria
Chatzipanagiotou, Stylianos
author_facet Ioannidis, Anastasios
Papaioannou, Panagiota
Magiorkinis, Emmanouil
Magana, Maria
Ioannidou, Vasiliki
Tzanetou, Konstantina
Burriel, Angeliki R.
Tsironi, Maria
Chatzipanagiotou, Stylianos
author_sort Ioannidis, Anastasios
collection PubMed
description Objectives: The symbiosis of Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis is the first described association between two obligate human parasites. Trichomonas is the niche and the vector for the transmission of M. hominis infection. This clinically significant symbiosis may affect T. vaginalis virulence and susceptibility to treatment. The aims of this study were to investigate the intracellularly present Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma species in T. vaginalis strains isolated from the vaginal discharge of infected women as well as to trace the diversity pattern among the species detected in the isolated strains. Methods: Hundred pure T. vaginalis cultures were isolated from ~7,500 patient specimens presented with clinical purulent vaginitis. PCR and sequencing for Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma spp. were performed in DNA extracted from the pure cultures. In addition, vaginal discharge samples were cultured for the presence of M. hominis and U. urealyticum. Phylogenetic analysis assisted the identification of interspecies relationships between the Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma isolates. Results: Fifty four percentage of T. vaginalis isolates were harboring Mycoplasma spp. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three distinct clusters, two with already characterized M. hominis and Ureaplasma spp. (37% of total Mycoplasma spp.), whereas one group formed a distinct cluster matched with the newly identified species Candidatus Mycoplasma girerdii (59.3%) and one or more unknown Mycoplasma spp. (3.7%). Conclusions: T. vaginalis strains associated with vaginal infection might host intracellular mycoplasmas or ureaplasmas. Intracellular Mollicutes that remain undetected in the extracellular environment when conventional diagnostic methods are implemented may comprise either novel species, such as Candidatus M. giredii, or unknown species with yet unexplored clinical significance.
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spelling pubmed-54879392017-07-12 Detecting the Diversity of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Endosymbionts Hosted by Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates Ioannidis, Anastasios Papaioannou, Panagiota Magiorkinis, Emmanouil Magana, Maria Ioannidou, Vasiliki Tzanetou, Konstantina Burriel, Angeliki R. Tsironi, Maria Chatzipanagiotou, Stylianos Front Microbiol Microbiology Objectives: The symbiosis of Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis is the first described association between two obligate human parasites. Trichomonas is the niche and the vector for the transmission of M. hominis infection. This clinically significant symbiosis may affect T. vaginalis virulence and susceptibility to treatment. The aims of this study were to investigate the intracellularly present Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma species in T. vaginalis strains isolated from the vaginal discharge of infected women as well as to trace the diversity pattern among the species detected in the isolated strains. Methods: Hundred pure T. vaginalis cultures were isolated from ~7,500 patient specimens presented with clinical purulent vaginitis. PCR and sequencing for Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma spp. were performed in DNA extracted from the pure cultures. In addition, vaginal discharge samples were cultured for the presence of M. hominis and U. urealyticum. Phylogenetic analysis assisted the identification of interspecies relationships between the Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma isolates. Results: Fifty four percentage of T. vaginalis isolates were harboring Mycoplasma spp. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three distinct clusters, two with already characterized M. hominis and Ureaplasma spp. (37% of total Mycoplasma spp.), whereas one group formed a distinct cluster matched with the newly identified species Candidatus Mycoplasma girerdii (59.3%) and one or more unknown Mycoplasma spp. (3.7%). Conclusions: T. vaginalis strains associated with vaginal infection might host intracellular mycoplasmas or ureaplasmas. Intracellular Mollicutes that remain undetected in the extracellular environment when conventional diagnostic methods are implemented may comprise either novel species, such as Candidatus M. giredii, or unknown species with yet unexplored clinical significance. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5487939/ /pubmed/28702014 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01188 Text en Copyright © 2017 Ioannidis, Papaioannou, Magiorkinis, Magana, Ioannidou, Tzanetou, Burriel, Tsironi and Chatzipanagiotou. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Ioannidis, Anastasios
Papaioannou, Panagiota
Magiorkinis, Emmanouil
Magana, Maria
Ioannidou, Vasiliki
Tzanetou, Konstantina
Burriel, Angeliki R.
Tsironi, Maria
Chatzipanagiotou, Stylianos
Detecting the Diversity of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Endosymbionts Hosted by Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates
title Detecting the Diversity of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Endosymbionts Hosted by Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates
title_full Detecting the Diversity of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Endosymbionts Hosted by Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates
title_fullStr Detecting the Diversity of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Endosymbionts Hosted by Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates
title_full_unstemmed Detecting the Diversity of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Endosymbionts Hosted by Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates
title_short Detecting the Diversity of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Endosymbionts Hosted by Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates
title_sort detecting the diversity of mycoplasma and ureaplasma endosymbionts hosted by trichomonas vaginalis isolates
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5487939/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28702014
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01188
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