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Prevalence of hepatitis B and delta according to HIV-type: a multi-country cross-sectional survey in West Africa

BACKGROUND: In West Africa where HIV-1 and HIV-2 co-circulate, the co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) is not well described. This study aimed at estimating the prevalence of HBV and HBV/HDV co-infection according to HIV types and risk factors for HBV infection...

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Autores principales: Coffie, Patrick A., Tchounga, Boris K., Bado, Guillaume, Kabran, Mathieu, Minta, Daouda K., Wandeler, Gilles, Gottlieb, Geoffrey S., Dabis, François, Eholie, Serge P., Ekouevi, Didier K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5496401/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28676076
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2568-5
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author Coffie, Patrick A.
Tchounga, Boris K.
Bado, Guillaume
Kabran, Mathieu
Minta, Daouda K.
Wandeler, Gilles
Gottlieb, Geoffrey S.
Dabis, François
Eholie, Serge P.
Ekouevi, Didier K.
author_facet Coffie, Patrick A.
Tchounga, Boris K.
Bado, Guillaume
Kabran, Mathieu
Minta, Daouda K.
Wandeler, Gilles
Gottlieb, Geoffrey S.
Dabis, François
Eholie, Serge P.
Ekouevi, Didier K.
author_sort Coffie, Patrick A.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In West Africa where HIV-1 and HIV-2 co-circulate, the co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) is not well described. This study aimed at estimating the prevalence of HBV and HBV/HDV co-infection according to HIV types and risk factors for HBV infection among West African HIV-infected patients. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted within the IeDEA West Africa cohort from March to December 2012 in Côte d’Ivoire (three sites), Burkina Faso and Mali (one site each). All HIV-infected adult patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) or not who attended one of the participating HIV clinics during the study period and agreed to participate were included. Blood samples were collected and re-tested for HIV type discrimination, HBV and HDV serology as well as HBV viral load. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for HBV infection. RESULTS: A total of 791 patients were included: 192 HIV-1, 447 HIV-2 and 152 HIV-1&2 dually reactive. At time of sampling, 555 (70.2%) were on ART and median CD4+ cell count was 472/mm(3) (inter-quartile range [IQR]: IQR: 294–644). Sixty-seven (8.5%, 95% CI 6.6–10.6) patients were HBsAg positive without any difference according to HIV type (7.9% in HIV-1, 7.2% in HIV-1&2 dually reactive and 9.4% in HIV-2; p = 0.61). In multivariate logistic analysis, age ≤ 30 years old (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.00, 95% CI 1.96–12.76), age between 31 and 49 years old (aOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.00–2.21) and male gender (aOR 2.15, 95% CI 1.25–3.69) were associated with HBsAg positivity. HBV DNA testing was performed in 36 patients with blood sample available (25 on ART) and 8 (22.2%) had detectable HBV DNA. Among the HBsAg-positive individuals, 14.9% (95% CI 7.4–25.7) were also positive for anti-HDV antibody without any difference according to HIV type (28.6% in HIV-1, 14.3% in HIV-2 and 0.0% in HIV-1&2 dually reactive; p = 0.15). CONCLUSION: HBV and HBV/HDV co-infection are common in West Africa, irrespective of HIV type. Therefore, screening for both viruses should be systematically performed to allow a better management of HIV-infected patients. Follow-up studies are necessary to determine the impact of these two viruses on HIV infection.
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spelling pubmed-54964012017-07-05 Prevalence of hepatitis B and delta according to HIV-type: a multi-country cross-sectional survey in West Africa Coffie, Patrick A. Tchounga, Boris K. Bado, Guillaume Kabran, Mathieu Minta, Daouda K. Wandeler, Gilles Gottlieb, Geoffrey S. Dabis, François Eholie, Serge P. Ekouevi, Didier K. BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: In West Africa where HIV-1 and HIV-2 co-circulate, the co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) is not well described. This study aimed at estimating the prevalence of HBV and HBV/HDV co-infection according to HIV types and risk factors for HBV infection among West African HIV-infected patients. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted within the IeDEA West Africa cohort from March to December 2012 in Côte d’Ivoire (three sites), Burkina Faso and Mali (one site each). All HIV-infected adult patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) or not who attended one of the participating HIV clinics during the study period and agreed to participate were included. Blood samples were collected and re-tested for HIV type discrimination, HBV and HDV serology as well as HBV viral load. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for HBV infection. RESULTS: A total of 791 patients were included: 192 HIV-1, 447 HIV-2 and 152 HIV-1&2 dually reactive. At time of sampling, 555 (70.2%) were on ART and median CD4+ cell count was 472/mm(3) (inter-quartile range [IQR]: IQR: 294–644). Sixty-seven (8.5%, 95% CI 6.6–10.6) patients were HBsAg positive without any difference according to HIV type (7.9% in HIV-1, 7.2% in HIV-1&2 dually reactive and 9.4% in HIV-2; p = 0.61). In multivariate logistic analysis, age ≤ 30 years old (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.00, 95% CI 1.96–12.76), age between 31 and 49 years old (aOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.00–2.21) and male gender (aOR 2.15, 95% CI 1.25–3.69) were associated with HBsAg positivity. HBV DNA testing was performed in 36 patients with blood sample available (25 on ART) and 8 (22.2%) had detectable HBV DNA. Among the HBsAg-positive individuals, 14.9% (95% CI 7.4–25.7) were also positive for anti-HDV antibody without any difference according to HIV type (28.6% in HIV-1, 14.3% in HIV-2 and 0.0% in HIV-1&2 dually reactive; p = 0.15). CONCLUSION: HBV and HBV/HDV co-infection are common in West Africa, irrespective of HIV type. Therefore, screening for both viruses should be systematically performed to allow a better management of HIV-infected patients. Follow-up studies are necessary to determine the impact of these two viruses on HIV infection. BioMed Central 2017-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5496401/ /pubmed/28676076 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2568-5 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Coffie, Patrick A.
Tchounga, Boris K.
Bado, Guillaume
Kabran, Mathieu
Minta, Daouda K.
Wandeler, Gilles
Gottlieb, Geoffrey S.
Dabis, François
Eholie, Serge P.
Ekouevi, Didier K.
Prevalence of hepatitis B and delta according to HIV-type: a multi-country cross-sectional survey in West Africa
title Prevalence of hepatitis B and delta according to HIV-type: a multi-country cross-sectional survey in West Africa
title_full Prevalence of hepatitis B and delta according to HIV-type: a multi-country cross-sectional survey in West Africa
title_fullStr Prevalence of hepatitis B and delta according to HIV-type: a multi-country cross-sectional survey in West Africa
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of hepatitis B and delta according to HIV-type: a multi-country cross-sectional survey in West Africa
title_short Prevalence of hepatitis B and delta according to HIV-type: a multi-country cross-sectional survey in West Africa
title_sort prevalence of hepatitis b and delta according to hiv-type: a multi-country cross-sectional survey in west africa
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5496401/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28676076
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2568-5
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