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Fish introductions in the former Soviet Union: The Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) — 80 years later

The Soviet Union played the leading role in fish introductions in Eurasia. However, only 3% of all introductions prior to 1978 gave a commercial benefit. One of the noteworthy examples appears to be the Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan Kessler, 1877)—an endemic salmonid of Lake Sevan in Armenia. This spe...

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Autores principales: Bogdanowicz, Wiesław, Rutkowski, Robert, Gabrielyan, Bardukh K., Ryspaev, Akylbek, Asatryan, Anzhela N., Mkrtchyan, Jon A., Bujalska, Barbara M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5500335/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28683097
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180605
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author Bogdanowicz, Wiesław
Rutkowski, Robert
Gabrielyan, Bardukh K.
Ryspaev, Akylbek
Asatryan, Anzhela N.
Mkrtchyan, Jon A.
Bujalska, Barbara M.
author_facet Bogdanowicz, Wiesław
Rutkowski, Robert
Gabrielyan, Bardukh K.
Ryspaev, Akylbek
Asatryan, Anzhela N.
Mkrtchyan, Jon A.
Bujalska, Barbara M.
author_sort Bogdanowicz, Wiesław
collection PubMed
description The Soviet Union played the leading role in fish introductions in Eurasia. However, only 3% of all introductions prior to 1978 gave a commercial benefit. One of the noteworthy examples appears to be the Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan Kessler, 1877)—an endemic salmonid of Lake Sevan in Armenia. This species has been introduced to Kirghizstan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan, however, only the Kirghiz population has persisted in relatively high numbers. In this paper we provide the first extensive molecular study of S. ischchan using samples from the native population from Lake Sevan and three hatcheries in Armenia, as well as from the population introduced to Lake Issyk Kul in Kirghizstan. The Kirghiz population has been isolated since the introductions took place in 1930 and 1936. Our results, based on 11 nuclear microsatellites and a 905 bp fragment of the mitochondrial control region suggest that hatcheries have maintained genetic variability by way of ongoing translocations of individuals from Lake Sevan. Simultaneously, significant Garza-Williamson M-values suggest that bottlenecks could have reduced the genetic variability of the wild populations in the past. This hypothesis is supported by historical data, indicating highly manipulated water-level regulations and poaching as two main factors that dramatically impact fish abundance in the lake. On the other hand, a similar situation has been observed in Kirghizstan, but this population likely rebounded from small population size faster than the other populations examined. The Kirghiz population is significantly genetically differentiated from the other groups and have morphological features and biological attributes not observed in the source population. Genetic data imply that the effective population size in the native population is lower than that found in the introduced population, suggesting that some active protection of the Lake Sevan population may be needed urgently.
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spelling pubmed-55003352017-07-11 Fish introductions in the former Soviet Union: The Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) — 80 years later Bogdanowicz, Wiesław Rutkowski, Robert Gabrielyan, Bardukh K. Ryspaev, Akylbek Asatryan, Anzhela N. Mkrtchyan, Jon A. Bujalska, Barbara M. PLoS One Research Article The Soviet Union played the leading role in fish introductions in Eurasia. However, only 3% of all introductions prior to 1978 gave a commercial benefit. One of the noteworthy examples appears to be the Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan Kessler, 1877)—an endemic salmonid of Lake Sevan in Armenia. This species has been introduced to Kirghizstan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan, however, only the Kirghiz population has persisted in relatively high numbers. In this paper we provide the first extensive molecular study of S. ischchan using samples from the native population from Lake Sevan and three hatcheries in Armenia, as well as from the population introduced to Lake Issyk Kul in Kirghizstan. The Kirghiz population has been isolated since the introductions took place in 1930 and 1936. Our results, based on 11 nuclear microsatellites and a 905 bp fragment of the mitochondrial control region suggest that hatcheries have maintained genetic variability by way of ongoing translocations of individuals from Lake Sevan. Simultaneously, significant Garza-Williamson M-values suggest that bottlenecks could have reduced the genetic variability of the wild populations in the past. This hypothesis is supported by historical data, indicating highly manipulated water-level regulations and poaching as two main factors that dramatically impact fish abundance in the lake. On the other hand, a similar situation has been observed in Kirghizstan, but this population likely rebounded from small population size faster than the other populations examined. The Kirghiz population is significantly genetically differentiated from the other groups and have morphological features and biological attributes not observed in the source population. Genetic data imply that the effective population size in the native population is lower than that found in the introduced population, suggesting that some active protection of the Lake Sevan population may be needed urgently. Public Library of Science 2017-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5500335/ /pubmed/28683097 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180605 Text en © 2017 Bogdanowicz et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Bogdanowicz, Wiesław
Rutkowski, Robert
Gabrielyan, Bardukh K.
Ryspaev, Akylbek
Asatryan, Anzhela N.
Mkrtchyan, Jon A.
Bujalska, Barbara M.
Fish introductions in the former Soviet Union: The Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) — 80 years later
title Fish introductions in the former Soviet Union: The Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) — 80 years later
title_full Fish introductions in the former Soviet Union: The Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) — 80 years later
title_fullStr Fish introductions in the former Soviet Union: The Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) — 80 years later
title_full_unstemmed Fish introductions in the former Soviet Union: The Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) — 80 years later
title_short Fish introductions in the former Soviet Union: The Sevan trout (Salmo ischchan) — 80 years later
title_sort fish introductions in the former soviet union: the sevan trout (salmo ischchan) — 80 years later
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5500335/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28683097
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180605
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