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A novel host factor for human respiratory syncytial virus

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading viral cause of severe lower respiratory disease in young children worldwide. As part of a genome-wide siRNA screen, we recently discovered that actin-related protein 2 (ARP2) is a host factor in the RSV replication cycle. ARP2 is a major constit...

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Autores principales: Mehedi, Masfique, Collins, Peter L., Buchholz, Ursula J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5501218/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28702128
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2017.1319025
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author Mehedi, Masfique
Collins, Peter L.
Buchholz, Ursula J.
author_facet Mehedi, Masfique
Collins, Peter L.
Buchholz, Ursula J.
author_sort Mehedi, Masfique
collection PubMed
description Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading viral cause of severe lower respiratory disease in young children worldwide. As part of a genome-wide siRNA screen, we recently discovered that actin-related protein 2 (ARP2) is a host factor in the RSV replication cycle. ARP2 is a major constituent of the ARP2/3 complex, which catalyzes actin polymerization involved in cell morphology and motility. In the course of investigating this finding, we also found that RSV infection of human lung epithelial A459 cells induced filopodia formation and stimulated cell motility. The increase in filopodia formation was due, at least in part, to the expression of the RSV fusion F protein. Filopodia formation and increased cell motility appeared to shuttle RSV particles to nearby uninfected cells, facilitating virus cell-to-cell spread. ARP2 depletion did not reduce RSV entry or gene expression early in infection, but reduced subsequent virus production, filopodia formation, cell motility, and viral spread. Thus, the RSV F protein, ARP2-mediated actin nucleation, filopodia formation, and cell mobility all contribute to previously unrecognized mechanisms for RSV cell-to-cell spread that may promote RSV pathogenesis.
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spelling pubmed-55012182017-07-12 A novel host factor for human respiratory syncytial virus Mehedi, Masfique Collins, Peter L. Buchholz, Ursula J. Commun Integr Biol Commentary Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading viral cause of severe lower respiratory disease in young children worldwide. As part of a genome-wide siRNA screen, we recently discovered that actin-related protein 2 (ARP2) is a host factor in the RSV replication cycle. ARP2 is a major constituent of the ARP2/3 complex, which catalyzes actin polymerization involved in cell morphology and motility. In the course of investigating this finding, we also found that RSV infection of human lung epithelial A459 cells induced filopodia formation and stimulated cell motility. The increase in filopodia formation was due, at least in part, to the expression of the RSV fusion F protein. Filopodia formation and increased cell motility appeared to shuttle RSV particles to nearby uninfected cells, facilitating virus cell-to-cell spread. ARP2 depletion did not reduce RSV entry or gene expression early in infection, but reduced subsequent virus production, filopodia formation, cell motility, and viral spread. Thus, the RSV F protein, ARP2-mediated actin nucleation, filopodia formation, and cell mobility all contribute to previously unrecognized mechanisms for RSV cell-to-cell spread that may promote RSV pathogenesis. Taylor & Francis 2017-05-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5501218/ /pubmed/28702128 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2017.1319025 Text en This article not subject to US copyright law http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.
spellingShingle Commentary
Mehedi, Masfique
Collins, Peter L.
Buchholz, Ursula J.
A novel host factor for human respiratory syncytial virus
title A novel host factor for human respiratory syncytial virus
title_full A novel host factor for human respiratory syncytial virus
title_fullStr A novel host factor for human respiratory syncytial virus
title_full_unstemmed A novel host factor for human respiratory syncytial virus
title_short A novel host factor for human respiratory syncytial virus
title_sort novel host factor for human respiratory syncytial virus
topic Commentary
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5501218/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28702128
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19420889.2017.1319025
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