Bioactive Glasses with Low Ca/P Ratio and Enhanced Bioactivity

Three new silica-based glass formulations with low molar Ca/P ratio (2–3) have been synthesized. The thermal properties, the crystalline phases induced by thermal treatments and the sintering ability of each glass formulation have been investigated by simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetric analysis (DSC-TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and hot stage microscopy (HSM). The glasses exhibited a good sintering behavior, with two samples achieving shrinkage of 85%–95% prior to crystallization. The bioactivity of the glasses in simulated body fluid (SBF) has been investigated by performing XRD and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) on the samples prior and after immersion. The glasses with lower MgO contents were able to form a fully crystallized apatite layer after three days of immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF), while for the glass exhibiting a higher MgO content in its composition, the crystallization of the Ca–P layer was achieved after seven days. The conjugation of these properties opens new insights on the synthesis of highly bioactive and mechanically strong prosthetic materials.