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Cardiac and Metabolic Variables in Obese Dogs
BACKGROUND: The etiology of obesity‐related cardiac dysfunction (ORCD) is linked to metabolic syndrome in people. Studies have indicated that obese dogs have components of metabolic syndrome, warranting evaluation for ORCD in obese dogs. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate cardiac structure and function and met...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5508341/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28608635 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14775 |
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author | Tropf, M. Nelson, O.L. Lee, P.M. Weng, H.Y. |
author_facet | Tropf, M. Nelson, O.L. Lee, P.M. Weng, H.Y. |
author_sort | Tropf, M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The etiology of obesity‐related cardiac dysfunction (ORCD) is linked to metabolic syndrome in people. Studies have indicated that obese dogs have components of metabolic syndrome, warranting evaluation for ORCD in obese dogs. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate cardiac structure and function and metabolic variables in obese dogs compared to ideal weight dogs. ANIMALS: Forty‐six healthy, small‐breed (<25 pounds), obese dogs (n = 29) compared to ideal weight dogs (n = 17). METHODS: A cross‐sectional study of cardiac structure and function by standard and strain echocardiographic measurements and quantification of serum metabolic variables (insulin:glucose ratios, lipid analysis, adiponectin, inflammatory markers). RESULTS: Compared to the ideal weight controls, obese dogs had cardiac changes characterized by an increased interventricular septal width in diastole to left ventricular internal dimension in diastole ratio, decreased ratios of peak early to peak late left ventricular inflow velocities, and ratios of peak early to peak late mitral annular tissue velocities, and increased fractional shortening and ejection fraction percentages. The left ventricular posterior wall width in diastole to left ventricular internal dimension in diastole ratios were not significantly different between groups. Systolic blood pressure was not significantly different between groups. Obese dogs had metabolic derangements characterized by increased insulin:glucose ratios, dyslipidemias with increased cholesterol, triglyceride, and high‐density lipoprotein concentrations, decreased adiponectin concentrations, and increased concentrations of interleukin 8 and keratinocyte‐derived chemokine‐like inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Compared to ideal weight controls, obese dogs have alterations in cardiac structure and function as well as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypoadiponectinemia, and increased concentrations of inflammatory markers. These findings warrant additional studies to investigate inflammation, dyslipidemia, and possibly systemic hypertension as potential contributing factors for altered cardiac function. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5508341 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55083412017-07-14 Cardiac and Metabolic Variables in Obese Dogs Tropf, M. Nelson, O.L. Lee, P.M. Weng, H.Y. J Vet Intern Med SMALL ANIMAL BACKGROUND: The etiology of obesity‐related cardiac dysfunction (ORCD) is linked to metabolic syndrome in people. Studies have indicated that obese dogs have components of metabolic syndrome, warranting evaluation for ORCD in obese dogs. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate cardiac structure and function and metabolic variables in obese dogs compared to ideal weight dogs. ANIMALS: Forty‐six healthy, small‐breed (<25 pounds), obese dogs (n = 29) compared to ideal weight dogs (n = 17). METHODS: A cross‐sectional study of cardiac structure and function by standard and strain echocardiographic measurements and quantification of serum metabolic variables (insulin:glucose ratios, lipid analysis, adiponectin, inflammatory markers). RESULTS: Compared to the ideal weight controls, obese dogs had cardiac changes characterized by an increased interventricular septal width in diastole to left ventricular internal dimension in diastole ratio, decreased ratios of peak early to peak late left ventricular inflow velocities, and ratios of peak early to peak late mitral annular tissue velocities, and increased fractional shortening and ejection fraction percentages. The left ventricular posterior wall width in diastole to left ventricular internal dimension in diastole ratios were not significantly different between groups. Systolic blood pressure was not significantly different between groups. Obese dogs had metabolic derangements characterized by increased insulin:glucose ratios, dyslipidemias with increased cholesterol, triglyceride, and high‐density lipoprotein concentrations, decreased adiponectin concentrations, and increased concentrations of interleukin 8 and keratinocyte‐derived chemokine‐like inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Compared to ideal weight controls, obese dogs have alterations in cardiac structure and function as well as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypoadiponectinemia, and increased concentrations of inflammatory markers. These findings warrant additional studies to investigate inflammation, dyslipidemia, and possibly systemic hypertension as potential contributing factors for altered cardiac function. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017-06-13 2017 /pmc/articles/PMC5508341/ /pubmed/28608635 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14775 Text en Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. |
spellingShingle | SMALL ANIMAL Tropf, M. Nelson, O.L. Lee, P.M. Weng, H.Y. Cardiac and Metabolic Variables in Obese Dogs |
title | Cardiac and Metabolic Variables in Obese Dogs |
title_full | Cardiac and Metabolic Variables in Obese Dogs |
title_fullStr | Cardiac and Metabolic Variables in Obese Dogs |
title_full_unstemmed | Cardiac and Metabolic Variables in Obese Dogs |
title_short | Cardiac and Metabolic Variables in Obese Dogs |
title_sort | cardiac and metabolic variables in obese dogs |
topic | SMALL ANIMAL |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5508341/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28608635 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14775 |
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