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Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum
Nucleolar dominance (ND), initially described as ‘differential amphiplasty’, is a phenomenon observed in some plant and animal allopolyploids and hybrids in which the selective suppression of the activity of 35S rRNA gene loci that have been inherited from one of the two or more ancestral genomes oc...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5509716/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28706212 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05413-x |
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author | Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia Hasterok, Robert |
author_facet | Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia Hasterok, Robert |
author_sort | Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Nucleolar dominance (ND), initially described as ‘differential amphiplasty’, is a phenomenon observed in some plant and animal allopolyploids and hybrids in which the selective suppression of the activity of 35S rRNA gene loci that have been inherited from one of the two or more ancestral genomes occurs. Although more than 80 years have passed since the discovery of ND, there is still a significant lack in our understanding of the mechanisms that determine this phenomenon. Here, we aimed to investigate the epigenetic status of 35S rRNA gene loci in the monocotyledonous Brachypodium hybridum, which is an allotetraploid that has resulted from a cross between B. distachyon and B. stacei. We revealed that the repressed B. stacei-inherited rDNA loci are characterised by a high level of DNA methylation. The global hypomethylation of B. hybridum nuclear DNA induced by 5-azacytidine, however, seems to be insufficient for the transcriptional reactivation of these loci, which indicates that factors other than DNA methylation are behind the suppression of B. stacei-originated loci. We also showed that the transcriptionally active and silenced fractions of rRNA genes that had been inherited from B. distachyon occupy different domains within the chromocentres adjacent to the nucleolus, depending on their epigenetic status. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5509716 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55097162017-07-17 Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia Hasterok, Robert Sci Rep Article Nucleolar dominance (ND), initially described as ‘differential amphiplasty’, is a phenomenon observed in some plant and animal allopolyploids and hybrids in which the selective suppression of the activity of 35S rRNA gene loci that have been inherited from one of the two or more ancestral genomes occurs. Although more than 80 years have passed since the discovery of ND, there is still a significant lack in our understanding of the mechanisms that determine this phenomenon. Here, we aimed to investigate the epigenetic status of 35S rRNA gene loci in the monocotyledonous Brachypodium hybridum, which is an allotetraploid that has resulted from a cross between B. distachyon and B. stacei. We revealed that the repressed B. stacei-inherited rDNA loci are characterised by a high level of DNA methylation. The global hypomethylation of B. hybridum nuclear DNA induced by 5-azacytidine, however, seems to be insufficient for the transcriptional reactivation of these loci, which indicates that factors other than DNA methylation are behind the suppression of B. stacei-originated loci. We also showed that the transcriptionally active and silenced fractions of rRNA genes that had been inherited from B. distachyon occupy different domains within the chromocentres adjacent to the nucleolus, depending on their epigenetic status. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5509716/ /pubmed/28706212 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05413-x Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia Hasterok, Robert Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum |
title | Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum |
title_full | Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum |
title_fullStr | Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum |
title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum |
title_short | Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum |
title_sort | epigenetics of the preferential silencing of brachypodium stacei-originated 35s rdna loci in the allotetraploid grass brachypodium hybridum |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5509716/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28706212 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05413-x |
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