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Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants

Divergent selection plays a critical role not only as a speciation driver but also in maintaining post-speciation divergence. In the absence of direct evidence, ancestral interspecific gene flow between incipient species can reflect ancient selective pressure for ecological speciation. In the presen...

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Autores principales: Huang, Bing-Hong, Huang, Chih-Wei, Huang, Chia-Lung, Liao, Pei-Chun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5511155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28710389
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05900-1
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author Huang, Bing-Hong
Huang, Chih-Wei
Huang, Chia-Lung
Liao, Pei-Chun
author_facet Huang, Bing-Hong
Huang, Chih-Wei
Huang, Chia-Lung
Liao, Pei-Chun
author_sort Huang, Bing-Hong
collection PubMed
description Divergent selection plays a critical role not only as a speciation driver but also in maintaining post-speciation divergence. In the absence of direct evidence, ancestral interspecific gene flow between incipient species can reflect ancient selective pressure for ecological speciation. In the present study, two late-Pleistocene diverged species endemic to Taiwan, Scutellaria playfairii and S. tashiroi, were spatially and ecologically partitioned with partial overlap. Multilocus genome-scan analyses and in silico evaluation revealed ancestral interspecific gene flow but distinct genetic compositions, implying that adaptive divergence contributed to their speciation. Ecological niche modeling and principal component analysis suggested incomplete divergent niches between the two species; the species distribution is therefore consistent with Hutchinson’s metaphor of multidimensional hypervolume niches rather than attributable to a single factor. Constraint ordination analysis supported this inference of a combination of variables explaining the genetic structure. The rare occurrence of hybrids in the sympatric population suggested hybrid breakdown, providing further evidence of divergent selection blocking gene flow. The correlation of environmental variables with integrated genetic components demonstrated that environmental heterogeneity maintains the species and population differentiation. This study highlights the importance of environmental heterogeneity and divergent selection for the rapid speciation and recent diversification of island plants.
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spelling pubmed-55111552017-07-17 Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants Huang, Bing-Hong Huang, Chih-Wei Huang, Chia-Lung Liao, Pei-Chun Sci Rep Article Divergent selection plays a critical role not only as a speciation driver but also in maintaining post-speciation divergence. In the absence of direct evidence, ancestral interspecific gene flow between incipient species can reflect ancient selective pressure for ecological speciation. In the present study, two late-Pleistocene diverged species endemic to Taiwan, Scutellaria playfairii and S. tashiroi, were spatially and ecologically partitioned with partial overlap. Multilocus genome-scan analyses and in silico evaluation revealed ancestral interspecific gene flow but distinct genetic compositions, implying that adaptive divergence contributed to their speciation. Ecological niche modeling and principal component analysis suggested incomplete divergent niches between the two species; the species distribution is therefore consistent with Hutchinson’s metaphor of multidimensional hypervolume niches rather than attributable to a single factor. Constraint ordination analysis supported this inference of a combination of variables explaining the genetic structure. The rare occurrence of hybrids in the sympatric population suggested hybrid breakdown, providing further evidence of divergent selection blocking gene flow. The correlation of environmental variables with integrated genetic components demonstrated that environmental heterogeneity maintains the species and population differentiation. This study highlights the importance of environmental heterogeneity and divergent selection for the rapid speciation and recent diversification of island plants. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5511155/ /pubmed/28710389 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05900-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Huang, Bing-Hong
Huang, Chih-Wei
Huang, Chia-Lung
Liao, Pei-Chun
Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title_full Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title_fullStr Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title_full_unstemmed Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title_short Continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
title_sort continuation of the genetic divergence of ecological speciation by spatial environmental heterogeneity in island endemic plants
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5511155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28710389
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05900-1
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