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Immediate effect of subliminal priming with positive reward stimuli on standing balance in healthy individuals: A randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Information received subconsciously can influence exercise performance; however, it remains unclear whether subliminal or supraliminal reward is more effective in improving standing balance ability when priming stimuli are subconsciously delivered. The present study aimed to compare the...

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Autores principales: Aoyama, Yasuhiro, Uchida, Hiroyuki, Sugi, Yasuyuki, Kawakami, Akinobu, Fujii, Miki, Kiso, Kanae, Kono, Ryota, Takebayashi, Takashi, Hirao, Kazuki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer Health 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5515768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28700496
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000007494
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author Aoyama, Yasuhiro
Uchida, Hiroyuki
Sugi, Yasuyuki
Kawakami, Akinobu
Fujii, Miki
Kiso, Kanae
Kono, Ryota
Takebayashi, Takashi
Hirao, Kazuki
author_facet Aoyama, Yasuhiro
Uchida, Hiroyuki
Sugi, Yasuyuki
Kawakami, Akinobu
Fujii, Miki
Kiso, Kanae
Kono, Ryota
Takebayashi, Takashi
Hirao, Kazuki
author_sort Aoyama, Yasuhiro
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Information received subconsciously can influence exercise performance; however, it remains unclear whether subliminal or supraliminal reward is more effective in improving standing balance ability when priming stimuli are subconsciously delivered. The present study aimed to compare the effects of subliminal priming-plus-subliminal reward stimuli (experimental) with subliminal priming-plus-supraliminal reward stimuli (control) on standing balance ability. METHODS: This was a single-blind (outcome assessor), parallel-group, randomized controlled trial involving healthy young adults recruited from a university in Japan. Assessments were conducted at baseline and immediately after intervention. The primary outcome was the functional reach test (FRT) measurement. The secondary outcome was one-leg standing time (OLST) with eyes closed. Of the 52 participants screened, 25 were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups each. RESULTS: Both interventions were effective for improving the FRT between the baseline and intervention; however, smaller improvements were observed in the experimental group. We found a large between-groups effect size immediately after the intervention for the FRT (d = −0.92). In contrast, there were no differences in improvements in OLST between the 2 groups (d = −0.06); furthermore, neither intervention was found to be effective for this parameter. CONCLUSION: We concluded that subliminal priming with conscious reward stimuli results in improvements in immediate-term forward reach ability, which is superior to that achieved by subliminal priming with subconscious reward stimuli.
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spelling pubmed-55157682017-07-28 Immediate effect of subliminal priming with positive reward stimuli on standing balance in healthy individuals: A randomized controlled trial Aoyama, Yasuhiro Uchida, Hiroyuki Sugi, Yasuyuki Kawakami, Akinobu Fujii, Miki Kiso, Kanae Kono, Ryota Takebayashi, Takashi Hirao, Kazuki Medicine (Baltimore) 6300 BACKGROUND: Information received subconsciously can influence exercise performance; however, it remains unclear whether subliminal or supraliminal reward is more effective in improving standing balance ability when priming stimuli are subconsciously delivered. The present study aimed to compare the effects of subliminal priming-plus-subliminal reward stimuli (experimental) with subliminal priming-plus-supraliminal reward stimuli (control) on standing balance ability. METHODS: This was a single-blind (outcome assessor), parallel-group, randomized controlled trial involving healthy young adults recruited from a university in Japan. Assessments were conducted at baseline and immediately after intervention. The primary outcome was the functional reach test (FRT) measurement. The secondary outcome was one-leg standing time (OLST) with eyes closed. Of the 52 participants screened, 25 were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups each. RESULTS: Both interventions were effective for improving the FRT between the baseline and intervention; however, smaller improvements were observed in the experimental group. We found a large between-groups effect size immediately after the intervention for the FRT (d = −0.92). In contrast, there were no differences in improvements in OLST between the 2 groups (d = −0.06); furthermore, neither intervention was found to be effective for this parameter. CONCLUSION: We concluded that subliminal priming with conscious reward stimuli results in improvements in immediate-term forward reach ability, which is superior to that achieved by subliminal priming with subconscious reward stimuli. Wolters Kluwer Health 2017-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5515768/ /pubmed/28700496 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000007494 Text en Copyright © 2017 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivatives License 4.0, which allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to the author. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
spellingShingle 6300
Aoyama, Yasuhiro
Uchida, Hiroyuki
Sugi, Yasuyuki
Kawakami, Akinobu
Fujii, Miki
Kiso, Kanae
Kono, Ryota
Takebayashi, Takashi
Hirao, Kazuki
Immediate effect of subliminal priming with positive reward stimuli on standing balance in healthy individuals: A randomized controlled trial
title Immediate effect of subliminal priming with positive reward stimuli on standing balance in healthy individuals: A randomized controlled trial
title_full Immediate effect of subliminal priming with positive reward stimuli on standing balance in healthy individuals: A randomized controlled trial
title_fullStr Immediate effect of subliminal priming with positive reward stimuli on standing balance in healthy individuals: A randomized controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed Immediate effect of subliminal priming with positive reward stimuli on standing balance in healthy individuals: A randomized controlled trial
title_short Immediate effect of subliminal priming with positive reward stimuli on standing balance in healthy individuals: A randomized controlled trial
title_sort immediate effect of subliminal priming with positive reward stimuli on standing balance in healthy individuals: a randomized controlled trial
topic 6300
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5515768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28700496
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000007494
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