Congestive Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in a Patient with Light Chain (AL) Amyloidosis and Multiple Myeloma

Patient: Male, 53 Final Diagnosis: Cardiac amyloidosis Symptoms: Dyspnea • chest pain • swelling Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Diagnostic approach Specialty: Cardiology OBJECTIVE: Challenging differential diagnosis BACKGROUND: Amyloidosis is characterized by tissue deposition of insoluble fibrillar proteins and it affects almost every organ; there are many types and the heart can be affected in all of them. CASE REPORT: Our report describes a middle-aged man who presented to the Emergency Department with congestive heart failure. Clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic findings suggested the presence of an infiltrative disease, so an abdominal fat tissue biopsy was performed. A final diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis with heart involvement was made. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the importance of combining clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic information in the diagnosis of complex diseases like amyloidosis with heart involvement.