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The distribution of near point of convergence, near horizontal heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic children in South Korea

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: To assess the distribution of near point of convergence (NPC), near heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic school children in South Korea. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-six elementary school children, aged 8–13 years, were each given a thorough eye examination including b...

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Autores principales: Jang, Jung Un, Park, Inn-Jee, Jang, Jung Yun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5525624/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29018739
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tjo.2016.07.001
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author Jang, Jung Un
Park, Inn-Jee
Jang, Jung Yun
author_facet Jang, Jung Un
Park, Inn-Jee
Jang, Jung Yun
author_sort Jang, Jung Un
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: To assess the distribution of near point of convergence (NPC), near heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic school children in South Korea. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-six elementary school children, aged 8–13 years, were each given a thorough eye examination including binocular vision testing, NPC using standard push-up technique, horizontal heterophoria measurement by Von Graefe, distance, and near negative and positive vergence with a phoropter and phoropter replacement card. RESULTS: NPC break and recovery points were highest in the age 9 years group, but the mean values of NPC were within the normal range. Of 136 individuals, 52 presented with esophoria, 53 presented with 0 –6-Δ exophoria, and 31 presented with ≥7-Δ exophoria. In the younger age groups (8 years and 10 years) 0–6-Δ exophoria was prevalent, whereas in the older age groups (11 years, 12 years, and 13 years) esophoria was prevalent. Near positive fusional vergence (break and recovery point) presented with statistically significant correlations with the participants’ ages. Esophoria showed higher correlations with high myopia (8.00 ± 0.000) rather than with low myopia (3.36 ± 2.499) or medium myopia (3.42 ± 2.149). The mean value of 0–6Δ exophoria was highest in medium myopia (4.04 ± 1.517), and of ≥7-Δ exophoria was the highest in high myopia (12.66 ± 1.154). CONCLUSION: There were no statistically significant correlations between the school childrens’ ages and NPC, near horizontal heterophoria, and near fusional vergence, except near positive fusional vergence. Also, unlike many studies, myopic magnitude did not present a significant correlation with near phoria and fusional vergence.
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spelling pubmed-55256242017-10-10 The distribution of near point of convergence, near horizontal heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic children in South Korea Jang, Jung Un Park, Inn-Jee Jang, Jung Yun Taiwan J Ophthalmol Original Article BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: To assess the distribution of near point of convergence (NPC), near heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic school children in South Korea. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-six elementary school children, aged 8–13 years, were each given a thorough eye examination including binocular vision testing, NPC using standard push-up technique, horizontal heterophoria measurement by Von Graefe, distance, and near negative and positive vergence with a phoropter and phoropter replacement card. RESULTS: NPC break and recovery points were highest in the age 9 years group, but the mean values of NPC were within the normal range. Of 136 individuals, 52 presented with esophoria, 53 presented with 0 –6-Δ exophoria, and 31 presented with ≥7-Δ exophoria. In the younger age groups (8 years and 10 years) 0–6-Δ exophoria was prevalent, whereas in the older age groups (11 years, 12 years, and 13 years) esophoria was prevalent. Near positive fusional vergence (break and recovery point) presented with statistically significant correlations with the participants’ ages. Esophoria showed higher correlations with high myopia (8.00 ± 0.000) rather than with low myopia (3.36 ± 2.499) or medium myopia (3.42 ± 2.149). The mean value of 0–6Δ exophoria was highest in medium myopia (4.04 ± 1.517), and of ≥7-Δ exophoria was the highest in high myopia (12.66 ± 1.154). CONCLUSION: There were no statistically significant correlations between the school childrens’ ages and NPC, near horizontal heterophoria, and near fusional vergence, except near positive fusional vergence. Also, unlike many studies, myopic magnitude did not present a significant correlation with near phoria and fusional vergence. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2016 2016-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5525624/ /pubmed/29018739 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tjo.2016.07.001 Text en Copyright: © 2016, The Ophthalmologic Society of Taiwan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Article
Jang, Jung Un
Park, Inn-Jee
Jang, Jung Yun
The distribution of near point of convergence, near horizontal heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic children in South Korea
title The distribution of near point of convergence, near horizontal heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic children in South Korea
title_full The distribution of near point of convergence, near horizontal heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic children in South Korea
title_fullStr The distribution of near point of convergence, near horizontal heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic children in South Korea
title_full_unstemmed The distribution of near point of convergence, near horizontal heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic children in South Korea
title_short The distribution of near point of convergence, near horizontal heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic children in South Korea
title_sort distribution of near point of convergence, near horizontal heterophoria, and near vergence among myopic children in south korea
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5525624/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29018739
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tjo.2016.07.001
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