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Nano-mechanical characterization of the wood cell wall by AFM studies: comparison between AC- and QI™ mode

BACKGROUND: Understanding the arrangement and mechanical properties of wood polymers within the plant cell wall is the basis for unravelling its underlying structure–property relationships. As state of the art Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has been used to visualize cell wall layers in contact reson...

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Autores principales: Casdorff, Kirstin, Keplinger, Tobias, Burgert, Ingo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5526263/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28769995
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13007-017-0211-5
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author Casdorff, Kirstin
Keplinger, Tobias
Burgert, Ingo
author_facet Casdorff, Kirstin
Keplinger, Tobias
Burgert, Ingo
author_sort Casdorff, Kirstin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Understanding the arrangement and mechanical properties of wood polymers within the plant cell wall is the basis for unravelling its underlying structure–property relationships. As state of the art Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has been used to visualize cell wall layers in contact resonance- and amplitude controlled mode (AC) on embedded samples. Most of the studies have focused on the structural arrangement of the S(2) layer and its lamellar structure. RESULTS: In this work, a protocol for AFM is proposed to characterize the entire cell wall mechanically by quantitative imaging (QI™) at the nanometer level, without embedding the samples. It is shown that the applied protocol allows for distinguishing between the cell wall layers of the compound middle lamella, S(1), and S(2) of spruce wood based on their Young’s Moduli. In the transition zone, S(12), a stiffness gradient is measured. CONCLUSIONS: The QI™ mode pushes the limit of resolution for mechanical characterization of the plant cell wall to the nanometer range. Comparing QI™- against AC images reveals that the mode of operation strongly influences the visualization of the cell wall.
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spelling pubmed-55262632017-08-02 Nano-mechanical characterization of the wood cell wall by AFM studies: comparison between AC- and QI™ mode Casdorff, Kirstin Keplinger, Tobias Burgert, Ingo Plant Methods Research BACKGROUND: Understanding the arrangement and mechanical properties of wood polymers within the plant cell wall is the basis for unravelling its underlying structure–property relationships. As state of the art Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has been used to visualize cell wall layers in contact resonance- and amplitude controlled mode (AC) on embedded samples. Most of the studies have focused on the structural arrangement of the S(2) layer and its lamellar structure. RESULTS: In this work, a protocol for AFM is proposed to characterize the entire cell wall mechanically by quantitative imaging (QI™) at the nanometer level, without embedding the samples. It is shown that the applied protocol allows for distinguishing between the cell wall layers of the compound middle lamella, S(1), and S(2) of spruce wood based on their Young’s Moduli. In the transition zone, S(12), a stiffness gradient is measured. CONCLUSIONS: The QI™ mode pushes the limit of resolution for mechanical characterization of the plant cell wall to the nanometer range. Comparing QI™- against AC images reveals that the mode of operation strongly influences the visualization of the cell wall. BioMed Central 2017-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC5526263/ /pubmed/28769995 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13007-017-0211-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Casdorff, Kirstin
Keplinger, Tobias
Burgert, Ingo
Nano-mechanical characterization of the wood cell wall by AFM studies: comparison between AC- and QI™ mode
title Nano-mechanical characterization of the wood cell wall by AFM studies: comparison between AC- and QI™ mode
title_full Nano-mechanical characterization of the wood cell wall by AFM studies: comparison between AC- and QI™ mode
title_fullStr Nano-mechanical characterization of the wood cell wall by AFM studies: comparison between AC- and QI™ mode
title_full_unstemmed Nano-mechanical characterization of the wood cell wall by AFM studies: comparison between AC- and QI™ mode
title_short Nano-mechanical characterization of the wood cell wall by AFM studies: comparison between AC- and QI™ mode
title_sort nano-mechanical characterization of the wood cell wall by afm studies: comparison between ac- and qi™ mode
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5526263/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28769995
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13007-017-0211-5
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