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Spatio-temporal epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in Nepal, 2007-2015

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a major public health problem in Nepal. For the effective management and surveillance of JE, a clear understanding of its epidemiology is essential. Therefore, we conducted descriptive and spatial analyses to understand the spatio-temporal distribution of JE in human in...

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Autores principales: Kumar Pant, Dhan, Tenzin, Tenzin, Chand, Rakesh, Kumar Sharma, Barun, Raj Bist, Padam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5528891/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28746354
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180591
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author Kumar Pant, Dhan
Tenzin, Tenzin
Chand, Rakesh
Kumar Sharma, Barun
Raj Bist, Padam
author_facet Kumar Pant, Dhan
Tenzin, Tenzin
Chand, Rakesh
Kumar Sharma, Barun
Raj Bist, Padam
author_sort Kumar Pant, Dhan
collection PubMed
description Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a major public health problem in Nepal. For the effective management and surveillance of JE, a clear understanding of its epidemiology is essential. Therefore, we conducted descriptive and spatial analyses to understand the spatio-temporal distribution of JE in human in Nepal. From 2007 to 2015, 1,823 JE cases were reported with a cumulative mean incidence of 0.735/100,000 population and a case fatality rate of 6.6%. The death rate in the up-to-24 years of age group was 74%. The JE cases were most commonly reported in the age group of 1–14 years. There is a strong seasonal pattern of JE occurrence in Nepal which peaked in August and declined by October each year, which corresponds to the monsoon season. The JE cases were reported in 63 of 75 districts (84%), expanding in the mountain and hill regions. There was a strong clustering of JE incidence in the south-western and south-eastern Terai region, which is endemic for JE. Therefore, the JE surveillance system should be improved to better understand the drivers of disease expansion in Nepal for instituting a control program.
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spelling pubmed-55288912017-08-07 Spatio-temporal epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in Nepal, 2007-2015 Kumar Pant, Dhan Tenzin, Tenzin Chand, Rakesh Kumar Sharma, Barun Raj Bist, Padam PLoS One Research Article Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a major public health problem in Nepal. For the effective management and surveillance of JE, a clear understanding of its epidemiology is essential. Therefore, we conducted descriptive and spatial analyses to understand the spatio-temporal distribution of JE in human in Nepal. From 2007 to 2015, 1,823 JE cases were reported with a cumulative mean incidence of 0.735/100,000 population and a case fatality rate of 6.6%. The death rate in the up-to-24 years of age group was 74%. The JE cases were most commonly reported in the age group of 1–14 years. There is a strong seasonal pattern of JE occurrence in Nepal which peaked in August and declined by October each year, which corresponds to the monsoon season. The JE cases were reported in 63 of 75 districts (84%), expanding in the mountain and hill regions. There was a strong clustering of JE incidence in the south-western and south-eastern Terai region, which is endemic for JE. Therefore, the JE surveillance system should be improved to better understand the drivers of disease expansion in Nepal for instituting a control program. Public Library of Science 2017-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5528891/ /pubmed/28746354 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180591 Text en © 2017 Kumar Pant et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kumar Pant, Dhan
Tenzin, Tenzin
Chand, Rakesh
Kumar Sharma, Barun
Raj Bist, Padam
Spatio-temporal epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in Nepal, 2007-2015
title Spatio-temporal epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in Nepal, 2007-2015
title_full Spatio-temporal epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in Nepal, 2007-2015
title_fullStr Spatio-temporal epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in Nepal, 2007-2015
title_full_unstemmed Spatio-temporal epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in Nepal, 2007-2015
title_short Spatio-temporal epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in Nepal, 2007-2015
title_sort spatio-temporal epidemiology of japanese encephalitis in nepal, 2007-2015
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5528891/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28746354
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180591
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