Fungal root symbionts of high-altitude vascular plants in the Himalayas

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE) form symbiotic relationships with plants influencing their productivity, diversity and ecosystem functions. Only a few studies on these fungi, however, have been conducted in extreme elevations and none over 5500 m a.s.l., although...

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Autores principales: Kotilínek, Milan, Hiiesalu, Inga, Košnar, Jiří, Šmilauerová, Marie, Šmilauer, Petr, Altman, Jan, Dvorský, Miroslav, Kopecký, Martin, Doležal, Jiří
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2017
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5529584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28747779
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06938-x
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author Kotilínek, Milan
Hiiesalu, Inga
Košnar, Jiří
Šmilauerová, Marie
Šmilauer, Petr
Altman, Jan
Dvorský, Miroslav
Kopecký, Martin
Doležal, Jiří
author_facet Kotilínek, Milan
Hiiesalu, Inga
Košnar, Jiří
Šmilauerová, Marie
Šmilauer, Petr
Altman, Jan
Dvorský, Miroslav
Kopecký, Martin
Doležal, Jiří
author_sort Kotilínek, Milan
collection PubMed
description Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE) form symbiotic relationships with plants influencing their productivity, diversity and ecosystem functions. Only a few studies on these fungi, however, have been conducted in extreme elevations and none over 5500 m a.s.l., although vascular plants occur up to 6150 m a.s.l. in the Himalayas. We quantified AMF and DSE in roots of 62 plant species from contrasting habitats along an elevational gradient (3400–6150 m) in the Himalayas using a combination of optical microscopy and next generation sequencing. We linked AMF and DSE communities with host plant evolutionary history, ecological preferences (elevation and habitat type) and functional traits. We detected AMF in elevations up to 5800 m, indicating it is more constrained by extreme conditions than the host plants, which ascend up to 6150 m. In contrast, DSE were found across the entire gradient up to 6150 m. AMF diversity was unimodally related to elevation and positively related to the intensity of AMF colonization. Mid-elevation steppe and alpine plants hosted more diverse AMF communities than plants from deserts and the subnival zone. Our results bring novel insights to the abiotic and biotic filters structuring AMF and DSE communities in the Himalayas.
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spelling pubmed-55295842017-08-02 Fungal root symbionts of high-altitude vascular plants in the Himalayas Kotilínek, Milan Hiiesalu, Inga Košnar, Jiří Šmilauerová, Marie Šmilauer, Petr Altman, Jan Dvorský, Miroslav Kopecký, Martin Doležal, Jiří Sci Rep Article Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE) form symbiotic relationships with plants influencing their productivity, diversity and ecosystem functions. Only a few studies on these fungi, however, have been conducted in extreme elevations and none over 5500 m a.s.l., although vascular plants occur up to 6150 m a.s.l. in the Himalayas. We quantified AMF and DSE in roots of 62 plant species from contrasting habitats along an elevational gradient (3400–6150 m) in the Himalayas using a combination of optical microscopy and next generation sequencing. We linked AMF and DSE communities with host plant evolutionary history, ecological preferences (elevation and habitat type) and functional traits. We detected AMF in elevations up to 5800 m, indicating it is more constrained by extreme conditions than the host plants, which ascend up to 6150 m. In contrast, DSE were found across the entire gradient up to 6150 m. AMF diversity was unimodally related to elevation and positively related to the intensity of AMF colonization. Mid-elevation steppe and alpine plants hosted more diverse AMF communities than plants from deserts and the subnival zone. Our results bring novel insights to the abiotic and biotic filters structuring AMF and DSE communities in the Himalayas. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5529584/ /pubmed/28747779 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06938-x Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Kotilínek, Milan
Hiiesalu, Inga
Košnar, Jiří
Šmilauerová, Marie
Šmilauer, Petr
Altman, Jan
Dvorský, Miroslav
Kopecký, Martin
Doležal, Jiří
Fungal root symbionts of high-altitude vascular plants in the Himalayas
title Fungal root symbionts of high-altitude vascular plants in the Himalayas
title_full Fungal root symbionts of high-altitude vascular plants in the Himalayas
title_fullStr Fungal root symbionts of high-altitude vascular plants in the Himalayas
title_full_unstemmed Fungal root symbionts of high-altitude vascular plants in the Himalayas
title_short Fungal root symbionts of high-altitude vascular plants in the Himalayas
title_sort fungal root symbionts of high-altitude vascular plants in the himalayas
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5529584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28747779
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06938-x
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