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Almond Skin Extracts Abrogate HSV-1 Replication by Blocking Virus Binding to the Cell

The aim of the present research was to determine the effect of almond skin extracts on herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) replication. Drug-resistant strains of HSV frequently develop following therapeutic treatment. Therefore, the discovery of novel anti-HSV drugs deserves great effort. Here, we tested...

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Autores principales: Bisignano, Carlo, Mandalari, Giuseppina, Smeriglio, Antonella, Trombetta, Domenico, Musarra Pizzo, Maria, Pennisi, Rosamaria, Sciortino, Maria Teresa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5537670/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28698509
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v9070178
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author Bisignano, Carlo
Mandalari, Giuseppina
Smeriglio, Antonella
Trombetta, Domenico
Musarra Pizzo, Maria
Pennisi, Rosamaria
Sciortino, Maria Teresa
author_facet Bisignano, Carlo
Mandalari, Giuseppina
Smeriglio, Antonella
Trombetta, Domenico
Musarra Pizzo, Maria
Pennisi, Rosamaria
Sciortino, Maria Teresa
author_sort Bisignano, Carlo
collection PubMed
description The aim of the present research was to determine the effect of almond skin extracts on herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) replication. Drug-resistant strains of HSV frequently develop following therapeutic treatment. Therefore, the discovery of novel anti-HSV drugs deserves great effort. Here, we tested both natural (NS) and blanched (BS) polyphenols-rich almond skin extracts against HSV-1. HPLC analysis showed that the prevalent compounds in NS and BS extracts contributing to their antioxidant activity were quercetin, epicatechin and catechin. Results of cell viability indicated that NS and BS extracts were not toxic to cultured Vero cells. Furthermore, NS extracts were more potent inhibitors of HSV-1 than BS extracts, and this trend was in agreement with different concentrations of flavonoids. The plaque forming assay, Western blot and real-time PCR were used to demonstrate that NS extracts were able to block the production of infectious HSV-1 particles. In addition, the viral binding assay demonstrated that NS extracts inhibited HSV-1 adsorption to Vero cells. Our conclusion is that natural products from almond skin extracts are an extraordinary source of antiviral agents and provide a novel treatment against HSV-1 infections.
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spelling pubmed-55376702017-08-04 Almond Skin Extracts Abrogate HSV-1 Replication by Blocking Virus Binding to the Cell Bisignano, Carlo Mandalari, Giuseppina Smeriglio, Antonella Trombetta, Domenico Musarra Pizzo, Maria Pennisi, Rosamaria Sciortino, Maria Teresa Viruses Article The aim of the present research was to determine the effect of almond skin extracts on herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) replication. Drug-resistant strains of HSV frequently develop following therapeutic treatment. Therefore, the discovery of novel anti-HSV drugs deserves great effort. Here, we tested both natural (NS) and blanched (BS) polyphenols-rich almond skin extracts against HSV-1. HPLC analysis showed that the prevalent compounds in NS and BS extracts contributing to their antioxidant activity were quercetin, epicatechin and catechin. Results of cell viability indicated that NS and BS extracts were not toxic to cultured Vero cells. Furthermore, NS extracts were more potent inhibitors of HSV-1 than BS extracts, and this trend was in agreement with different concentrations of flavonoids. The plaque forming assay, Western blot and real-time PCR were used to demonstrate that NS extracts were able to block the production of infectious HSV-1 particles. In addition, the viral binding assay demonstrated that NS extracts inhibited HSV-1 adsorption to Vero cells. Our conclusion is that natural products from almond skin extracts are an extraordinary source of antiviral agents and provide a novel treatment against HSV-1 infections. MDPI 2017-07-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5537670/ /pubmed/28698509 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v9070178 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bisignano, Carlo
Mandalari, Giuseppina
Smeriglio, Antonella
Trombetta, Domenico
Musarra Pizzo, Maria
Pennisi, Rosamaria
Sciortino, Maria Teresa
Almond Skin Extracts Abrogate HSV-1 Replication by Blocking Virus Binding to the Cell
title Almond Skin Extracts Abrogate HSV-1 Replication by Blocking Virus Binding to the Cell
title_full Almond Skin Extracts Abrogate HSV-1 Replication by Blocking Virus Binding to the Cell
title_fullStr Almond Skin Extracts Abrogate HSV-1 Replication by Blocking Virus Binding to the Cell
title_full_unstemmed Almond Skin Extracts Abrogate HSV-1 Replication by Blocking Virus Binding to the Cell
title_short Almond Skin Extracts Abrogate HSV-1 Replication by Blocking Virus Binding to the Cell
title_sort almond skin extracts abrogate hsv-1 replication by blocking virus binding to the cell
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5537670/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28698509
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v9070178
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