Cargando…

Effects of Consuming Xylitol on Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice

The sugar alcohol xylitol inhibits the growth of some bacterial species including Streptococcus mutans. It is used as a food additive to prevent caries. We previously showed that 1.5–4.0 g/kg body weight/day xylitol as part of a high-fat diet (HFD) improved lipid metabolism in rats. However, the eff...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Uebanso, Takashi, Kano, Saki, Yoshimoto, Ayumi, Naito, Chisato, Shimohata, Takaaki, Mawatari, Kazuaki, Takahashi, Akira
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5537870/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28708089
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9070756
_version_ 1783254264618942464
author Uebanso, Takashi
Kano, Saki
Yoshimoto, Ayumi
Naito, Chisato
Shimohata, Takaaki
Mawatari, Kazuaki
Takahashi, Akira
author_facet Uebanso, Takashi
Kano, Saki
Yoshimoto, Ayumi
Naito, Chisato
Shimohata, Takaaki
Mawatari, Kazuaki
Takahashi, Akira
author_sort Uebanso, Takashi
collection PubMed
description The sugar alcohol xylitol inhibits the growth of some bacterial species including Streptococcus mutans. It is used as a food additive to prevent caries. We previously showed that 1.5–4.0 g/kg body weight/day xylitol as part of a high-fat diet (HFD) improved lipid metabolism in rats. However, the effects of lower daily doses of dietary xylitol on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism are unclear. We examined the effect of 40 and 200 mg/kg body weight/day xylitol intake on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in mice. Bacterial compositions were characterized by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and targeted real-time PCR. Luminal metabolites were determined by capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Plasma lipid parameters and glucose tolerance were examined. Dietary supplementation with low- or medium-dose xylitol (40 or 194 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively) significantly altered the fecal microbiota composition in mice. Relative to mice not fed xylitol, the addition of medium-dose xylitol to a regular and HFD in experimental mice reduced the abundance of fecal Bacteroidetes phylum and the genus Barnesiella, whereas the abundance of Firmicutes phylum and the genus Prevotella was increased in mice fed an HFD with medium-dose dietary xylitol. Body composition, hepatic and serum lipid parameters, oral glucose tolerance, and luminal metabolites were unaffected by xylitol consumption. In mice, 40 and 194 mg/kg body weight/day xylitol in the diet induced gradual changes in gut microbiota but not in lipid metabolism.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5537870
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2017
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-55378702017-08-04 Effects of Consuming Xylitol on Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice Uebanso, Takashi Kano, Saki Yoshimoto, Ayumi Naito, Chisato Shimohata, Takaaki Mawatari, Kazuaki Takahashi, Akira Nutrients Article The sugar alcohol xylitol inhibits the growth of some bacterial species including Streptococcus mutans. It is used as a food additive to prevent caries. We previously showed that 1.5–4.0 g/kg body weight/day xylitol as part of a high-fat diet (HFD) improved lipid metabolism in rats. However, the effects of lower daily doses of dietary xylitol on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism are unclear. We examined the effect of 40 and 200 mg/kg body weight/day xylitol intake on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in mice. Bacterial compositions were characterized by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and targeted real-time PCR. Luminal metabolites were determined by capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Plasma lipid parameters and glucose tolerance were examined. Dietary supplementation with low- or medium-dose xylitol (40 or 194 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively) significantly altered the fecal microbiota composition in mice. Relative to mice not fed xylitol, the addition of medium-dose xylitol to a regular and HFD in experimental mice reduced the abundance of fecal Bacteroidetes phylum and the genus Barnesiella, whereas the abundance of Firmicutes phylum and the genus Prevotella was increased in mice fed an HFD with medium-dose dietary xylitol. Body composition, hepatic and serum lipid parameters, oral glucose tolerance, and luminal metabolites were unaffected by xylitol consumption. In mice, 40 and 194 mg/kg body weight/day xylitol in the diet induced gradual changes in gut microbiota but not in lipid metabolism. MDPI 2017-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5537870/ /pubmed/28708089 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9070756 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Uebanso, Takashi
Kano, Saki
Yoshimoto, Ayumi
Naito, Chisato
Shimohata, Takaaki
Mawatari, Kazuaki
Takahashi, Akira
Effects of Consuming Xylitol on Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice
title Effects of Consuming Xylitol on Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice
title_full Effects of Consuming Xylitol on Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice
title_fullStr Effects of Consuming Xylitol on Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Consuming Xylitol on Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice
title_short Effects of Consuming Xylitol on Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mice
title_sort effects of consuming xylitol on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in mice
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5537870/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28708089
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9070756
work_keys_str_mv AT uebansotakashi effectsofconsumingxylitolongutmicrobiotaandlipidmetabolisminmice
AT kanosaki effectsofconsumingxylitolongutmicrobiotaandlipidmetabolisminmice
AT yoshimotoayumi effectsofconsumingxylitolongutmicrobiotaandlipidmetabolisminmice
AT naitochisato effectsofconsumingxylitolongutmicrobiotaandlipidmetabolisminmice
AT shimohatatakaaki effectsofconsumingxylitolongutmicrobiotaandlipidmetabolisminmice
AT mawatarikazuaki effectsofconsumingxylitolongutmicrobiotaandlipidmetabolisminmice
AT takahashiakira effectsofconsumingxylitolongutmicrobiotaandlipidmetabolisminmice