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Respiratory Tract Infections and the Role of Biologically Active Polysaccharides in Their Management and Prevention
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common form of infections in every age category. Recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs), a specific form of RTIs, represent a typical and common problem associated with early childhood, causing high indirect and direct costs on the healthcare...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5537893/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28726737 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9070779 |
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author | Jesenak, Milos Urbancikova, Ingrid Banovcin, Peter |
author_facet | Jesenak, Milos Urbancikova, Ingrid Banovcin, Peter |
author_sort | Jesenak, Milos |
collection | PubMed |
description | Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common form of infections in every age category. Recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs), a specific form of RTIs, represent a typical and common problem associated with early childhood, causing high indirect and direct costs on the healthcare system. They are usually the consequence of immature immunity in children and high exposure to various respiratory pathogens. Their rational management should aim at excluding other severe chronic diseases associated with increased morbidity (e.g., primary immunodeficiency syndromes, cystic fibrosis, and ciliary dyskinesia) and at supporting maturity of the mucosal immune system. However, RRTIs can also be observed in adults (e.g., during exhausting and stressful periods, chronic inflammatory diseases, secondary immunodeficiencies, or in elite athletes) and require greater attention. Biologically active polysaccharides (e.g., β-glucans) are one of the most studied natural immunomodulators with a pluripotent mode of action and biological activity. According to many studies, they possess immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-infectious activities and therefore could be suggested as an effective part of treating and preventing RTIs. Based on published studies, the application of β-glucans was proven as a possible therapeutic and preventive approach in managing and preventing recurrent respiratory tract infections in children (especially β-glucans from Pleurotus ostreatus), adults (mostly the studies with yeast-derived β-glucans), and in elite athletes (studies with β-glucans from Pleurotus ostreatus or yeast). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5537893 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55378932017-08-04 Respiratory Tract Infections and the Role of Biologically Active Polysaccharides in Their Management and Prevention Jesenak, Milos Urbancikova, Ingrid Banovcin, Peter Nutrients Review Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common form of infections in every age category. Recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs), a specific form of RTIs, represent a typical and common problem associated with early childhood, causing high indirect and direct costs on the healthcare system. They are usually the consequence of immature immunity in children and high exposure to various respiratory pathogens. Their rational management should aim at excluding other severe chronic diseases associated with increased morbidity (e.g., primary immunodeficiency syndromes, cystic fibrosis, and ciliary dyskinesia) and at supporting maturity of the mucosal immune system. However, RRTIs can also be observed in adults (e.g., during exhausting and stressful periods, chronic inflammatory diseases, secondary immunodeficiencies, or in elite athletes) and require greater attention. Biologically active polysaccharides (e.g., β-glucans) are one of the most studied natural immunomodulators with a pluripotent mode of action and biological activity. According to many studies, they possess immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-infectious activities and therefore could be suggested as an effective part of treating and preventing RTIs. Based on published studies, the application of β-glucans was proven as a possible therapeutic and preventive approach in managing and preventing recurrent respiratory tract infections in children (especially β-glucans from Pleurotus ostreatus), adults (mostly the studies with yeast-derived β-glucans), and in elite athletes (studies with β-glucans from Pleurotus ostreatus or yeast). MDPI 2017-07-20 /pmc/articles/PMC5537893/ /pubmed/28726737 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9070779 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Jesenak, Milos Urbancikova, Ingrid Banovcin, Peter Respiratory Tract Infections and the Role of Biologically Active Polysaccharides in Their Management and Prevention |
title | Respiratory Tract Infections and the Role of Biologically Active Polysaccharides in Their Management and Prevention |
title_full | Respiratory Tract Infections and the Role of Biologically Active Polysaccharides in Their Management and Prevention |
title_fullStr | Respiratory Tract Infections and the Role of Biologically Active Polysaccharides in Their Management and Prevention |
title_full_unstemmed | Respiratory Tract Infections and the Role of Biologically Active Polysaccharides in Their Management and Prevention |
title_short | Respiratory Tract Infections and the Role of Biologically Active Polysaccharides in Their Management and Prevention |
title_sort | respiratory tract infections and the role of biologically active polysaccharides in their management and prevention |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5537893/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28726737 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9070779 |
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