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Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease
Tolerance to Dutch elm disease (DED) has been linked to the rapid and/or high induction of disease-responsive genes after infection with the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Although the fungal infection by O. novo-ulmi primarily takes places in xylem vessels, it is still unclear how xylem contributes t...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5540924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28769110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07779-4 |
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author | Sherif, S. M. Erland, L. A. Shukla, M. R. Saxena, P. K |
author_facet | Sherif, S. M. Erland, L. A. Shukla, M. R. Saxena, P. K |
author_sort | Sherif, S. M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Tolerance to Dutch elm disease (DED) has been linked to the rapid and/or high induction of disease-responsive genes after infection with the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Although the fungal infection by O. novo-ulmi primarily takes places in xylem vessels, it is still unclear how xylem contributes to the defense against DED. Taking advantage of the easy separation of wood and bark tissues in young American elm saplings, here we show that most disease-responsive genes exhibited higher expression in wood compared to bark tissues after fungal infection. On the other hand, the stress-related phytohormones were generally more abundant in the bark compared to wood tissues. However, only endogenous levels of jasmonates (JAs), but not salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) increased in the inoculated tissues. This, along with the upregulation of JA-biosynthesis genes in inoculated bark and core tissues further suggest that phloem and xylem might contribute to the de novo biosynthesis of JA after fungal infection. The comparison between two tolerant elm varieties, ‘Valley Forge’ and ‘Princeton,’ also indicated that tolerance against DED might be mediated by different mechanisms in the xylem. The present study sheds some light on the amplitude and kinetics of defense responses produced in the xylem and phloem in response to DED. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5540924 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55409242017-08-07 Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease Sherif, S. M. Erland, L. A. Shukla, M. R. Saxena, P. K Sci Rep Article Tolerance to Dutch elm disease (DED) has been linked to the rapid and/or high induction of disease-responsive genes after infection with the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. Although the fungal infection by O. novo-ulmi primarily takes places in xylem vessels, it is still unclear how xylem contributes to the defense against DED. Taking advantage of the easy separation of wood and bark tissues in young American elm saplings, here we show that most disease-responsive genes exhibited higher expression in wood compared to bark tissues after fungal infection. On the other hand, the stress-related phytohormones were generally more abundant in the bark compared to wood tissues. However, only endogenous levels of jasmonates (JAs), but not salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) increased in the inoculated tissues. This, along with the upregulation of JA-biosynthesis genes in inoculated bark and core tissues further suggest that phloem and xylem might contribute to the de novo biosynthesis of JA after fungal infection. The comparison between two tolerant elm varieties, ‘Valley Forge’ and ‘Princeton,’ also indicated that tolerance against DED might be mediated by different mechanisms in the xylem. The present study sheds some light on the amplitude and kinetics of defense responses produced in the xylem and phloem in response to DED. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5540924/ /pubmed/28769110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07779-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Sherif, S. M. Erland, L. A. Shukla, M. R. Saxena, P. K Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease |
title | Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease |
title_full | Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease |
title_fullStr | Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease |
title_short | Bark and wood tissues of American elm exhibit distinct responses to Dutch elm disease |
title_sort | bark and wood tissues of american elm exhibit distinct responses to dutch elm disease |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5540924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28769110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07779-4 |
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