Electrospinning preparation of oxygen-deficient nano TiO(2-x)/carbon fibre membrane as a self-standing high performance anode for Li-ion batteries

Improving the specific capacity and electronic conductivity of TiO(2) can boost its practical application as a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries. In this work, a three-dimensional networking oxygen-deficient nano TiO(2-x)/carbon fibre membrane was achieved by combining the electrospinning process with a hot-press sintering method and directly used as a self-standing anode. With the synergistic effects of three-dimensional conductive networks, surface oxygen deficiency, high specific surface area and high porosity, binder-free and self-standing structure, etc., the nano TiO(2-x)/carbon fibre membrane electrode displays a high electrochemical reaction kinetics and a high specific capacity. The reversible capacity could be jointly generated from porous carbon, full-lithiation of TiO(2) and interfacial lithium storage. At a current density of 100 mA g(−1), the reversible discharge capacity can reach 464 mA h g(−1). Even at 500 mA g(−1), the discharge capacity still remains at 312 mA h g(−1). Compared with pure carbon fibre and TiO(2) powder, the TiO(2-x)/C fibre membrane electrode also exhibits an excellent cycle performance with a discharge capacity of 209 mA h g(−1) after 700 cycles at the current density of 300 mA g(−1), and the coulombic efficiency always remains at approximately 100%.