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Mechanical loading regulates organization of the actin cytoskeleton and column formation in postnatal growth plate

Longitudinal growth of bones occurs at the growth plates where chondrocytes align into columns that allow directional growth. Little is known about the mechanisms controlling the ability of chondrocytes to form columns. We hypothesize that mechanical load and the resulting force on chondrocytes are...

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Autores principales: Killion, Christy H., Mitchell, Elizabeth H., Duke, Corey G., Serra, Rosa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society for Cell Biology 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5541837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28539407
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E17-02-0084
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author Killion, Christy H.
Mitchell, Elizabeth H.
Duke, Corey G.
Serra, Rosa
author_facet Killion, Christy H.
Mitchell, Elizabeth H.
Duke, Corey G.
Serra, Rosa
author_sort Killion, Christy H.
collection PubMed
description Longitudinal growth of bones occurs at the growth plates where chondrocytes align into columns that allow directional growth. Little is known about the mechanisms controlling the ability of chondrocytes to form columns. We hypothesize that mechanical load and the resulting force on chondrocytes are necessary during active growth for proper growth plate development and limb length. To test this hypothesis, we created a mouse model in which a portion of the sciatic nerve from one hind limb was transected at postnatal day 8 to cause paralysis to that limb. At 6 and 12 wk postsurgery, the hind limb had significantly less bone mineral density than contralateral controls, confirming reduced load. At 8 and 14 wk postsurgery, tibiae were significantly shorter than controls. The paralyzed growth plate showed disruptions to column organization, with fewer and shorter columns. Polarized light microscopy indicated alterations in collagen fiber organization in the growth plate. Furthermore, organization of the actin cytoskeleton in growth plate chondrocytes was disrupted. We conclude that mechanical load and force on chondrocytes within the growth plate regulate postnatal development of the long bones.
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spelling pubmed-55418372017-09-22 Mechanical loading regulates organization of the actin cytoskeleton and column formation in postnatal growth plate Killion, Christy H. Mitchell, Elizabeth H. Duke, Corey G. Serra, Rosa Mol Biol Cell Brief Reports Longitudinal growth of bones occurs at the growth plates where chondrocytes align into columns that allow directional growth. Little is known about the mechanisms controlling the ability of chondrocytes to form columns. We hypothesize that mechanical load and the resulting force on chondrocytes are necessary during active growth for proper growth plate development and limb length. To test this hypothesis, we created a mouse model in which a portion of the sciatic nerve from one hind limb was transected at postnatal day 8 to cause paralysis to that limb. At 6 and 12 wk postsurgery, the hind limb had significantly less bone mineral density than contralateral controls, confirming reduced load. At 8 and 14 wk postsurgery, tibiae were significantly shorter than controls. The paralyzed growth plate showed disruptions to column organization, with fewer and shorter columns. Polarized light microscopy indicated alterations in collagen fiber organization in the growth plate. Furthermore, organization of the actin cytoskeleton in growth plate chondrocytes was disrupted. We conclude that mechanical load and force on chondrocytes within the growth plate regulate postnatal development of the long bones. The American Society for Cell Biology 2017-07-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5541837/ /pubmed/28539407 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E17-02-0084 Text en © 2017 Killion, Mitchell, et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0). “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society for Cell Biology.
spellingShingle Brief Reports
Killion, Christy H.
Mitchell, Elizabeth H.
Duke, Corey G.
Serra, Rosa
Mechanical loading regulates organization of the actin cytoskeleton and column formation in postnatal growth plate
title Mechanical loading regulates organization of the actin cytoskeleton and column formation in postnatal growth plate
title_full Mechanical loading regulates organization of the actin cytoskeleton and column formation in postnatal growth plate
title_fullStr Mechanical loading regulates organization of the actin cytoskeleton and column formation in postnatal growth plate
title_full_unstemmed Mechanical loading regulates organization of the actin cytoskeleton and column formation in postnatal growth plate
title_short Mechanical loading regulates organization of the actin cytoskeleton and column formation in postnatal growth plate
title_sort mechanical loading regulates organization of the actin cytoskeleton and column formation in postnatal growth plate
topic Brief Reports
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5541837/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28539407
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E17-02-0084
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