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TXNIP in Metabolic Regulation: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) also known as thioredoxin binding protein-2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein that interacts and negatively regulates expression and function of Thioredoxin (TXN). Over the last few years, TXNIP has attracted considerable attentio...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Bentham Science Publishers
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5543564/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28137209 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450118666170130145514 |
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author | Alhawiti, Naif Mohammad Al Mahri, Saeed Aziz, Mohammad Azhar Malik, Shuja Shafi Mohammad, Sameer |
author_facet | Alhawiti, Naif Mohammad Al Mahri, Saeed Aziz, Mohammad Azhar Malik, Shuja Shafi Mohammad, Sameer |
author_sort | Alhawiti, Naif Mohammad |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) also known as thioredoxin binding protein-2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein that interacts and negatively regulates expression and function of Thioredoxin (TXN). Over the last few years, TXNIP has attracted considerable attention due to its wide-ranging functions impacting several aspects of energy metabolism. TXNIP acts as an important regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism through pleiotropic actions including regulation of β-cell function, hepatic glucose production, peripheral glucose uptake, adipogenesis, and substrate utilization. Overexpression of TXNIP in animal models has been shown to induce apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells, reduce insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues like skeletal muscle and adipose, and decrease energy expenditure. On the contrary, TXNIP deficient animals are protected from diet induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. SUMMARY: Consequently, targeting TXNIP is thought to offer novel therapeutic opportunity and TXNIP inhibitors have the potential to become a powerful therapeutic tool for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Here we summarize the current state of our understanding of TXNIP biology, highlight its role in metabolic regulation and raise critical questions that could help future research to exploit TXNIP as a therapeutic target. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5543564 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Bentham Science Publishers |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55435642017-08-24 TXNIP in Metabolic Regulation: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook Alhawiti, Naif Mohammad Al Mahri, Saeed Aziz, Mohammad Azhar Malik, Shuja Shafi Mohammad, Sameer Curr Drug Targets Article BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) also known as thioredoxin binding protein-2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein that interacts and negatively regulates expression and function of Thioredoxin (TXN). Over the last few years, TXNIP has attracted considerable attention due to its wide-ranging functions impacting several aspects of energy metabolism. TXNIP acts as an important regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism through pleiotropic actions including regulation of β-cell function, hepatic glucose production, peripheral glucose uptake, adipogenesis, and substrate utilization. Overexpression of TXNIP in animal models has been shown to induce apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells, reduce insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues like skeletal muscle and adipose, and decrease energy expenditure. On the contrary, TXNIP deficient animals are protected from diet induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. SUMMARY: Consequently, targeting TXNIP is thought to offer novel therapeutic opportunity and TXNIP inhibitors have the potential to become a powerful therapeutic tool for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Here we summarize the current state of our understanding of TXNIP biology, highlight its role in metabolic regulation and raise critical questions that could help future research to exploit TXNIP as a therapeutic target. Bentham Science Publishers 2017-07 2017-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5543564/ /pubmed/28137209 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450118666170130145514 Text en © 2017 Bentham Science Publishers https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Article Alhawiti, Naif Mohammad Al Mahri, Saeed Aziz, Mohammad Azhar Malik, Shuja Shafi Mohammad, Sameer TXNIP in Metabolic Regulation: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook |
title | TXNIP in Metabolic Regulation: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook |
title_full | TXNIP in Metabolic Regulation: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook |
title_fullStr | TXNIP in Metabolic Regulation: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook |
title_full_unstemmed | TXNIP in Metabolic Regulation: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook |
title_short | TXNIP in Metabolic Regulation: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook |
title_sort | txnip in metabolic regulation: physiological role and therapeutic outlook |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5543564/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28137209 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450118666170130145514 |
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