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Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere
Almost all cases of human rabies result from dog bites, making the elimination of canine rabies a global priority. During recent decades, many countries in the Western Hemisphere have carried out large-scale dog vaccination campaigns, controlled their free-ranging dog populations and enforced legisl...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5543804/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28385500 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.03.023 |
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author | Velasco-Villa, Andres Escobar, Luis E. Sanchez, Anthony Shi, Mang Streicker, Daniel G. Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F. Vargas-Pino, Fernando Gutierrez-Cedillo, Veronica Damon, Inger Emerson, Ginny |
author_facet | Velasco-Villa, Andres Escobar, Luis E. Sanchez, Anthony Shi, Mang Streicker, Daniel G. Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F. Vargas-Pino, Fernando Gutierrez-Cedillo, Veronica Damon, Inger Emerson, Ginny |
author_sort | Velasco-Villa, Andres |
collection | PubMed |
description | Almost all cases of human rabies result from dog bites, making the elimination of canine rabies a global priority. During recent decades, many countries in the Western Hemisphere have carried out large-scale dog vaccination campaigns, controlled their free-ranging dog populations and enforced legislation for responsible pet ownership. This article reviews progress in eliminating canine rabies from the Western Hemisphere. After briefly summarizing the history of control efforts and describing the approaches listed above, we note that programs in some countries have been hindered by societal attitudes and severe economic disparities, which underlines the need to discuss measures that will be required to complete the elimination of canine rabies throughout the region. We also note that there is a constant threat for dog-maintained epizootics to re-occur, so as long as dog-maintained rabies “hot spots” are still present, free-roaming dog populations remain large, herd immunity becomes low and dog-derived rabies lyssavirus (RABLV) variants continue to circulate in close proximity to rabies-naïve dog populations. The elimination of dog-maintained rabies will be only feasible if both dog-maintained and dog-derived RABLV lineages and variants are permanently eliminated. This may be possible by keeping dog herd immunity above 70% at all times, fostering sustained laboratory-based surveillance through reliable rabies diagnosis and RABLV genetic typing in dogs, domestic animals and wildlife, as well as continuing to educate the population on the risk of rabies transmission, prevention and responsible pet ownership. Complete elimination of canine rabies requires permanent funding, with governments and people committed to make it a reality. An accompanying article reviews the history and epidemiology of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere, beginning with its introduction during the period of European colonization, and discusses how spillovers of viruses between dogs and various wild carnivores will affect future eradication efforts (Velasco-Villa et al., 2017). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5543804 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55438042017-08-04 Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere Velasco-Villa, Andres Escobar, Luis E. Sanchez, Anthony Shi, Mang Streicker, Daniel G. Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F. Vargas-Pino, Fernando Gutierrez-Cedillo, Veronica Damon, Inger Emerson, Ginny Antiviral Res Article Almost all cases of human rabies result from dog bites, making the elimination of canine rabies a global priority. During recent decades, many countries in the Western Hemisphere have carried out large-scale dog vaccination campaigns, controlled their free-ranging dog populations and enforced legislation for responsible pet ownership. This article reviews progress in eliminating canine rabies from the Western Hemisphere. After briefly summarizing the history of control efforts and describing the approaches listed above, we note that programs in some countries have been hindered by societal attitudes and severe economic disparities, which underlines the need to discuss measures that will be required to complete the elimination of canine rabies throughout the region. We also note that there is a constant threat for dog-maintained epizootics to re-occur, so as long as dog-maintained rabies “hot spots” are still present, free-roaming dog populations remain large, herd immunity becomes low and dog-derived rabies lyssavirus (RABLV) variants continue to circulate in close proximity to rabies-naïve dog populations. The elimination of dog-maintained rabies will be only feasible if both dog-maintained and dog-derived RABLV lineages and variants are permanently eliminated. This may be possible by keeping dog herd immunity above 70% at all times, fostering sustained laboratory-based surveillance through reliable rabies diagnosis and RABLV genetic typing in dogs, domestic animals and wildlife, as well as continuing to educate the population on the risk of rabies transmission, prevention and responsible pet ownership. Complete elimination of canine rabies requires permanent funding, with governments and people committed to make it a reality. An accompanying article reviews the history and epidemiology of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere, beginning with its introduction during the period of European colonization, and discusses how spillovers of viruses between dogs and various wild carnivores will affect future eradication efforts (Velasco-Villa et al., 2017). 2017-04-04 2017-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5543804/ /pubmed/28385500 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.03.023 Text en This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Velasco-Villa, Andres Escobar, Luis E. Sanchez, Anthony Shi, Mang Streicker, Daniel G. Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F. Vargas-Pino, Fernando Gutierrez-Cedillo, Veronica Damon, Inger Emerson, Ginny Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere |
title | Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere |
title_full | Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere |
title_fullStr | Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere |
title_full_unstemmed | Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere |
title_short | Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere |
title_sort | successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the western hemisphere |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5543804/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28385500 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.03.023 |
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