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Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy
INTRODUCTION: Nutrition and physical activity are key elements in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. A community-based, multidisciplinary educational intervention aimed to improve quality of life and disease self-management in sedentary, overweight/obese type 2 diabetic patients was i...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer Healthcare
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5544619/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28631241 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-017-0283-2 |
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author | Gallé, Francesca Di Onofrio, Valeria Cirella, Assunta Di Dio, Mirella Miele, Alessandra Spinosa, Tiziana Liguori, Giorgio |
author_facet | Gallé, Francesca Di Onofrio, Valeria Cirella, Assunta Di Dio, Mirella Miele, Alessandra Spinosa, Tiziana Liguori, Giorgio |
author_sort | Gallé, Francesca |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Nutrition and physical activity are key elements in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. A community-based, multidisciplinary educational intervention aimed to improve quality of life and disease self-management in sedentary, overweight/obese type 2 diabetic patients was implemented in Naples, South Italy. METHODS: The 9-month intervention included a motivational program, a nutrition program, and an exercise program. Satisfaction, worry, and embarrassment regarding their condition, together with disease-related behaviors and propensity towards physical activity, were evaluated through a validated questionnaire before and after the intervention; health status perception was evaluated through the short-form 12 questionnaire. Changes in HbA1c level and weight were also checked. RESULTS: A significant improvement (p < 0.05) was registered in behaviors related to the management of hypoglycemic crisis and food choice; in nearly all the items related to living with the disease (p < 0.01); and in health status perception (p < 0.01). The adoption of healthy behavior was more common among women (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.09, 3.02) and persons with higher educational levels (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.83, 2.17; OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.56, 2.27). About 30% of participants did not modify their emotional status after the intervention. Although not significantly (p = 0.18), the trust of patients towards physical activity increased at the end of the study, together with their active lifestyle (p < 0.01) and with the decrease of perceived barriers (p < 0.01). A significant improvement was registered in glycemic control and weight status (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The intervention was feasible and effective in addressing diet and physical activity among participants, giving consequent improvements in health status. Similar educational interventions including a training program for people with diabetes should be standardized and adopted by the Italian National Health System. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5544619 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Springer Healthcare |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55446192017-08-18 Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy Gallé, Francesca Di Onofrio, Valeria Cirella, Assunta Di Dio, Mirella Miele, Alessandra Spinosa, Tiziana Liguori, Giorgio Diabetes Ther Original Research INTRODUCTION: Nutrition and physical activity are key elements in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. A community-based, multidisciplinary educational intervention aimed to improve quality of life and disease self-management in sedentary, overweight/obese type 2 diabetic patients was implemented in Naples, South Italy. METHODS: The 9-month intervention included a motivational program, a nutrition program, and an exercise program. Satisfaction, worry, and embarrassment regarding their condition, together with disease-related behaviors and propensity towards physical activity, were evaluated through a validated questionnaire before and after the intervention; health status perception was evaluated through the short-form 12 questionnaire. Changes in HbA1c level and weight were also checked. RESULTS: A significant improvement (p < 0.05) was registered in behaviors related to the management of hypoglycemic crisis and food choice; in nearly all the items related to living with the disease (p < 0.01); and in health status perception (p < 0.01). The adoption of healthy behavior was more common among women (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.09, 3.02) and persons with higher educational levels (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.83, 2.17; OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.56, 2.27). About 30% of participants did not modify their emotional status after the intervention. Although not significantly (p = 0.18), the trust of patients towards physical activity increased at the end of the study, together with their active lifestyle (p < 0.01) and with the decrease of perceived barriers (p < 0.01). A significant improvement was registered in glycemic control and weight status (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The intervention was feasible and effective in addressing diet and physical activity among participants, giving consequent improvements in health status. Similar educational interventions including a training program for people with diabetes should be standardized and adopted by the Italian National Health System. Springer Healthcare 2017-06-19 2017-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5544619/ /pubmed/28631241 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-017-0283-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Gallé, Francesca Di Onofrio, Valeria Cirella, Assunta Di Dio, Mirella Miele, Alessandra Spinosa, Tiziana Liguori, Giorgio Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy |
title | Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy |
title_full | Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy |
title_fullStr | Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy |
title_full_unstemmed | Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy |
title_short | Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy |
title_sort | improving self-management of type 2 diabetes in overweight and inactive patients through an educational and motivational intervention addressing diet and physical activity: a prospective study in naples, south italy |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5544619/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28631241 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-017-0283-2 |
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