Cargando…

Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy

INTRODUCTION: Nutrition and physical activity are key elements in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. A community-based, multidisciplinary educational intervention aimed to improve quality of life and disease self-management in sedentary, overweight/obese type 2 diabetic patients was i...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gallé, Francesca, Di Onofrio, Valeria, Cirella, Assunta, Di Dio, Mirella, Miele, Alessandra, Spinosa, Tiziana, Liguori, Giorgio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Healthcare 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5544619/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28631241
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-017-0283-2
_version_ 1783255274890461184
author Gallé, Francesca
Di Onofrio, Valeria
Cirella, Assunta
Di Dio, Mirella
Miele, Alessandra
Spinosa, Tiziana
Liguori, Giorgio
author_facet Gallé, Francesca
Di Onofrio, Valeria
Cirella, Assunta
Di Dio, Mirella
Miele, Alessandra
Spinosa, Tiziana
Liguori, Giorgio
author_sort Gallé, Francesca
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Nutrition and physical activity are key elements in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. A community-based, multidisciplinary educational intervention aimed to improve quality of life and disease self-management in sedentary, overweight/obese type 2 diabetic patients was implemented in Naples, South Italy. METHODS: The 9-month intervention included a motivational program, a nutrition program, and an exercise program. Satisfaction, worry, and embarrassment regarding their condition, together with disease-related behaviors and propensity towards physical activity, were evaluated through a validated questionnaire before and after the intervention; health status perception was evaluated through the short-form 12 questionnaire. Changes in HbA1c level and weight were also checked. RESULTS: A significant improvement (p < 0.05) was registered in behaviors related to the management of hypoglycemic crisis and food choice; in nearly all the items related to living with the disease (p < 0.01); and in health status perception (p < 0.01). The adoption of healthy behavior was more common among women (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.09, 3.02) and persons with higher educational levels (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.83, 2.17; OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.56, 2.27). About 30% of participants did not modify their emotional status after the intervention. Although not significantly (p = 0.18), the trust of patients towards physical activity increased at the end of the study, together with their active lifestyle (p < 0.01) and with the decrease of perceived barriers (p < 0.01). A significant improvement was registered in glycemic control and weight status (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The intervention was feasible and effective in addressing diet and physical activity among participants, giving consequent improvements in health status. Similar educational interventions including a training program for people with diabetes should be standardized and adopted by the Italian National Health System.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5544619
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2017
publisher Springer Healthcare
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-55446192017-08-18 Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy Gallé, Francesca Di Onofrio, Valeria Cirella, Assunta Di Dio, Mirella Miele, Alessandra Spinosa, Tiziana Liguori, Giorgio Diabetes Ther Original Research INTRODUCTION: Nutrition and physical activity are key elements in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. A community-based, multidisciplinary educational intervention aimed to improve quality of life and disease self-management in sedentary, overweight/obese type 2 diabetic patients was implemented in Naples, South Italy. METHODS: The 9-month intervention included a motivational program, a nutrition program, and an exercise program. Satisfaction, worry, and embarrassment regarding their condition, together with disease-related behaviors and propensity towards physical activity, were evaluated through a validated questionnaire before and after the intervention; health status perception was evaluated through the short-form 12 questionnaire. Changes in HbA1c level and weight were also checked. RESULTS: A significant improvement (p < 0.05) was registered in behaviors related to the management of hypoglycemic crisis and food choice; in nearly all the items related to living with the disease (p < 0.01); and in health status perception (p < 0.01). The adoption of healthy behavior was more common among women (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.09, 3.02) and persons with higher educational levels (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.83, 2.17; OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.56, 2.27). About 30% of participants did not modify their emotional status after the intervention. Although not significantly (p = 0.18), the trust of patients towards physical activity increased at the end of the study, together with their active lifestyle (p < 0.01) and with the decrease of perceived barriers (p < 0.01). A significant improvement was registered in glycemic control and weight status (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The intervention was feasible and effective in addressing diet and physical activity among participants, giving consequent improvements in health status. Similar educational interventions including a training program for people with diabetes should be standardized and adopted by the Italian National Health System. Springer Healthcare 2017-06-19 2017-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5544619/ /pubmed/28631241 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-017-0283-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Original Research
Gallé, Francesca
Di Onofrio, Valeria
Cirella, Assunta
Di Dio, Mirella
Miele, Alessandra
Spinosa, Tiziana
Liguori, Giorgio
Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy
title Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy
title_full Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy
title_fullStr Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy
title_full_unstemmed Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy
title_short Improving Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Overweight and Inactive Patients Through an Educational and Motivational Intervention Addressing Diet and Physical Activity: A Prospective Study in Naples, South Italy
title_sort improving self-management of type 2 diabetes in overweight and inactive patients through an educational and motivational intervention addressing diet and physical activity: a prospective study in naples, south italy
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5544619/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28631241
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-017-0283-2
work_keys_str_mv AT gallefrancesca improvingselfmanagementoftype2diabetesinoverweightandinactivepatientsthroughaneducationalandmotivationalinterventionaddressingdietandphysicalactivityaprospectivestudyinnaplessouthitaly
AT dionofriovaleria improvingselfmanagementoftype2diabetesinoverweightandinactivepatientsthroughaneducationalandmotivationalinterventionaddressingdietandphysicalactivityaprospectivestudyinnaplessouthitaly
AT cirellaassunta improvingselfmanagementoftype2diabetesinoverweightandinactivepatientsthroughaneducationalandmotivationalinterventionaddressingdietandphysicalactivityaprospectivestudyinnaplessouthitaly
AT didiomirella improvingselfmanagementoftype2diabetesinoverweightandinactivepatientsthroughaneducationalandmotivationalinterventionaddressingdietandphysicalactivityaprospectivestudyinnaplessouthitaly
AT mielealessandra improvingselfmanagementoftype2diabetesinoverweightandinactivepatientsthroughaneducationalandmotivationalinterventionaddressingdietandphysicalactivityaprospectivestudyinnaplessouthitaly
AT spinosatiziana improvingselfmanagementoftype2diabetesinoverweightandinactivepatientsthroughaneducationalandmotivationalinterventionaddressingdietandphysicalactivityaprospectivestudyinnaplessouthitaly
AT liguorigiorgio improvingselfmanagementoftype2diabetesinoverweightandinactivepatientsthroughaneducationalandmotivationalinterventionaddressingdietandphysicalactivityaprospectivestudyinnaplessouthitaly