Designing an Optimized Novel Femoral Stem

BACKGROUND: After total hip arthroplasty, there would be some problems for the patients. Implant loosening is one of the significant problems which results in thigh pain and even revision surgery. Difference between Young's modulus of bone-metal is the cause of stress shielding, atrophy, and subsequent implant loosening. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this paper, femoral stem stiffness is reduced by novel biomechanical and biomaterial design which includes using proper design parameters, coating it with porous surface, and modeling the sketch by the software. Parametric design of femoral stem is done on the basis of clinical reports. RESULTS: Optimized model for femoral stem is proposed. Curved tapered stem with trapezoidal cross-section and particular neck and offset is designed. Fully porous surface is suggested. Moreover, Designed femoral stem analysis showed the Ti6Al4V stem which is covered with layer of 1.5 mm in thickness and 50% of porosity is as stiff as 77 GPa that is 30% less than the stem without any porosity. Porous surface of designed stem makes it fix biologically; thus, prosthesis loosening probability decreases. CONCLUSION: By optimizing femoral stem geometry (size and shape) and also making a porous surface, which had an intermediate stiffness of bone and implant, a more efficient hip joint prosthesis with more durability fixation was achieved due to better stress transmission from implant to the bone.