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Gut microbiome diversity influenced more by the Westernized dietary regime than the body mass index as assessed using effect size statistic
Human gut microbiome dysbiosis has been associated with the onset of metabolic diseases and disorders. However, the critical factors leading to dysbiosis are poorly understood. In this study, we provide increasing evidence of the association of diet type and body mass index (BMI) and how they relati...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5552927/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28677210 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.476 |
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author | Davis, Shannon C. Yadav, Jagjit S. Barrow, Stephanie D. Robertson, Boakai K. |
author_facet | Davis, Shannon C. Yadav, Jagjit S. Barrow, Stephanie D. Robertson, Boakai K. |
author_sort | Davis, Shannon C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Human gut microbiome dysbiosis has been associated with the onset of metabolic diseases and disorders. However, the critical factors leading to dysbiosis are poorly understood. In this study, we provide increasing evidence of the association of diet type and body mass index (BMI) and how they relatively influence the taxonomic structure of the gut microbiota with respect to the causation of gut microbiome dysbiosis. The study included randomly selected Alabama residents (n = 81), including females (n = 45) and males (n = 36). The demographics data included age (33 ± 13.3 years), height (1.7 ± 0.11 meters), and weight (82.3 ± 20.6 kg). The mean BMI was 28.3 ± 7.01, equating to an overweight BMI category. A cross‐sectional case–control design encompassing the newly recognized effect size approach to bioinformatics analysis was used to analyze data from donated stool samples and accompanying nutrition surveys. We investigated the microbiome variations in the Bacteroidetes‐Firmicutes ratio relative to BMI, food categories, and dietary groups at stratified abundance percentages of <20%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and ≥70%. We further investigated variation in the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla composition (at the genus and species level) in relation to BMI, food categories, and dietary groups (Westernized or healthy). The Pearson Correlation coefficient as an indication of effect size across Alpha diversity indices was used to test the hypothesis (H(0)): increased BMI has greater effect on taxonomic diversity than Westernized diet type, (H(a)): increased BMI does not have a greater effect on taxonomic diversity than Westernized diet type. In conclusion, we rejected the (H(0)) as our results demonstrated that Westernized diet type had an effect size of 0.22 posing a greater impact upon the gut microbiota diversity than an increased BMI with an effect size of 0.16. This implied Westernized diet as a critical factor in causing dysbiosis as compared to an overweight or obese body mass index. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5552927 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55529272017-08-15 Gut microbiome diversity influenced more by the Westernized dietary regime than the body mass index as assessed using effect size statistic Davis, Shannon C. Yadav, Jagjit S. Barrow, Stephanie D. Robertson, Boakai K. Microbiologyopen Original Research Human gut microbiome dysbiosis has been associated with the onset of metabolic diseases and disorders. However, the critical factors leading to dysbiosis are poorly understood. In this study, we provide increasing evidence of the association of diet type and body mass index (BMI) and how they relatively influence the taxonomic structure of the gut microbiota with respect to the causation of gut microbiome dysbiosis. The study included randomly selected Alabama residents (n = 81), including females (n = 45) and males (n = 36). The demographics data included age (33 ± 13.3 years), height (1.7 ± 0.11 meters), and weight (82.3 ± 20.6 kg). The mean BMI was 28.3 ± 7.01, equating to an overweight BMI category. A cross‐sectional case–control design encompassing the newly recognized effect size approach to bioinformatics analysis was used to analyze data from donated stool samples and accompanying nutrition surveys. We investigated the microbiome variations in the Bacteroidetes‐Firmicutes ratio relative to BMI, food categories, and dietary groups at stratified abundance percentages of <20%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and ≥70%. We further investigated variation in the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla composition (at the genus and species level) in relation to BMI, food categories, and dietary groups (Westernized or healthy). The Pearson Correlation coefficient as an indication of effect size across Alpha diversity indices was used to test the hypothesis (H(0)): increased BMI has greater effect on taxonomic diversity than Westernized diet type, (H(a)): increased BMI does not have a greater effect on taxonomic diversity than Westernized diet type. In conclusion, we rejected the (H(0)) as our results demonstrated that Westernized diet type had an effect size of 0.22 posing a greater impact upon the gut microbiota diversity than an increased BMI with an effect size of 0.16. This implied Westernized diet as a critical factor in causing dysbiosis as compared to an overweight or obese body mass index. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5552927/ /pubmed/28677210 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.476 Text en © 2017 The Authors. MicrobiologyOpen published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Davis, Shannon C. Yadav, Jagjit S. Barrow, Stephanie D. Robertson, Boakai K. Gut microbiome diversity influenced more by the Westernized dietary regime than the body mass index as assessed using effect size statistic |
title | Gut microbiome diversity influenced more by the Westernized dietary regime than the body mass index as assessed using effect size statistic |
title_full | Gut microbiome diversity influenced more by the Westernized dietary regime than the body mass index as assessed using effect size statistic |
title_fullStr | Gut microbiome diversity influenced more by the Westernized dietary regime than the body mass index as assessed using effect size statistic |
title_full_unstemmed | Gut microbiome diversity influenced more by the Westernized dietary regime than the body mass index as assessed using effect size statistic |
title_short | Gut microbiome diversity influenced more by the Westernized dietary regime than the body mass index as assessed using effect size statistic |
title_sort | gut microbiome diversity influenced more by the westernized dietary regime than the body mass index as assessed using effect size statistic |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5552927/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28677210 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.476 |
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