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Individual quality and age but not environmental or social conditions modulate costs of reproduction in a capital breeder
Costs associated with reproduction are widely known to play a role in the evolution of reproductive tactics with consequences to population and eco‐evolutionary dynamics. Evaluating these costs as they pertain to species in the wild remains an important goal of evolutionary ecology. Individual heter...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5552958/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28811876 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3082 |
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author | Debeffe, Lucie Poissant, Jocelyn McLoughlin, Philip D. |
author_facet | Debeffe, Lucie Poissant, Jocelyn McLoughlin, Philip D. |
author_sort | Debeffe, Lucie |
collection | PubMed |
description | Costs associated with reproduction are widely known to play a role in the evolution of reproductive tactics with consequences to population and eco‐evolutionary dynamics. Evaluating these costs as they pertain to species in the wild remains an important goal of evolutionary ecology. Individual heterogeneity, including differences in individual quality (i.e., among‐individual differences in traits associated with survival and reproduction) or state, and variation in environmental and social conditions can modulate the costs of reproduction; however, few studies have considered effects of these factors simultaneously. Taking advantage of a detailed, long‐term dataset for a population of feral horses (Sable Island, Nova Scotia, Canada), we address the question of how intrinsic (quality, age), environmental (winter severity, location), and social conditions (group size, composition, sex ratio, density) influence the costs of reproduction on subsequent reproduction. Individual quality was measured using a multivariate analysis on a combination of four static and dynamic traits expected to depict heterogeneity in individual performance. Female quality and age interacted with reproductive status of the previous year to determine current reproductive effort, while no effect of social or environmental covariates was found. High‐quality females showed higher probabilities of giving birth and weaning their foal regardless of their reproductive status the previous year, while those of lower quality showed lower probabilities of producing foals in successive years. Middle‐aged (prime) females had the highest probability of giving birth when they had not reproduced the year before, but no such relationship with age was found among females that had reproduced the previous year, indicating that prime‐aged females bear higher costs of reproduction. We show that individual quality and age were key factors modulating the costs of reproduction in a capital breeder but that environmental or social conditions were not, highlighting the importance of considering multiple factors when studying costs of reproduction. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5552958 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55529582017-08-15 Individual quality and age but not environmental or social conditions modulate costs of reproduction in a capital breeder Debeffe, Lucie Poissant, Jocelyn McLoughlin, Philip D. Ecol Evol Original Research Costs associated with reproduction are widely known to play a role in the evolution of reproductive tactics with consequences to population and eco‐evolutionary dynamics. Evaluating these costs as they pertain to species in the wild remains an important goal of evolutionary ecology. Individual heterogeneity, including differences in individual quality (i.e., among‐individual differences in traits associated with survival and reproduction) or state, and variation in environmental and social conditions can modulate the costs of reproduction; however, few studies have considered effects of these factors simultaneously. Taking advantage of a detailed, long‐term dataset for a population of feral horses (Sable Island, Nova Scotia, Canada), we address the question of how intrinsic (quality, age), environmental (winter severity, location), and social conditions (group size, composition, sex ratio, density) influence the costs of reproduction on subsequent reproduction. Individual quality was measured using a multivariate analysis on a combination of four static and dynamic traits expected to depict heterogeneity in individual performance. Female quality and age interacted with reproductive status of the previous year to determine current reproductive effort, while no effect of social or environmental covariates was found. High‐quality females showed higher probabilities of giving birth and weaning their foal regardless of their reproductive status the previous year, while those of lower quality showed lower probabilities of producing foals in successive years. Middle‐aged (prime) females had the highest probability of giving birth when they had not reproduced the year before, but no such relationship with age was found among females that had reproduced the previous year, indicating that prime‐aged females bear higher costs of reproduction. We show that individual quality and age were key factors modulating the costs of reproduction in a capital breeder but that environmental or social conditions were not, highlighting the importance of considering multiple factors when studying costs of reproduction. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5552958/ /pubmed/28811876 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3082 Text en © 2017 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Debeffe, Lucie Poissant, Jocelyn McLoughlin, Philip D. Individual quality and age but not environmental or social conditions modulate costs of reproduction in a capital breeder |
title | Individual quality and age but not environmental or social conditions modulate costs of reproduction in a capital breeder |
title_full | Individual quality and age but not environmental or social conditions modulate costs of reproduction in a capital breeder |
title_fullStr | Individual quality and age but not environmental or social conditions modulate costs of reproduction in a capital breeder |
title_full_unstemmed | Individual quality and age but not environmental or social conditions modulate costs of reproduction in a capital breeder |
title_short | Individual quality and age but not environmental or social conditions modulate costs of reproduction in a capital breeder |
title_sort | individual quality and age but not environmental or social conditions modulate costs of reproduction in a capital breeder |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5552958/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28811876 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3082 |
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