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Current concepts in bone metastasis, contemporary therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials
BACKGROUND: Elucidation of mechanisms regulating bone metastasis has progressed significantly in recent years and this has translated to many new therapeutic options for patients with bone metastatic cancers. However, the rapid rate of progress in both the basic science literature and therapies unde...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5554406/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28800754 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-017-0578-1 |
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author | Gdowski, Andrew S. Ranjan, Amalendu Vishwanatha, Jamboor K. |
author_facet | Gdowski, Andrew S. Ranjan, Amalendu Vishwanatha, Jamboor K. |
author_sort | Gdowski, Andrew S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Elucidation of mechanisms regulating bone metastasis has progressed significantly in recent years and this has translated to many new therapeutic options for patients with bone metastatic cancers. However, the rapid rate of progress in both the basic science literature and therapies undergoing clinical trials makes staying abreast with current developments challenging. This review seeks to provide an update on the current state of the science in bone metastasis research and give a snap shot of therapies in clinical trials for bone metastatic cancer. MAIN BODY: Bone metastasis represents a difficult to treat clinical scenario due to pain, increased fracture risk, decreased quality of life and diminished overall survival outcomes. Multiple types of cancer have the specific ability to home to the bone microenvironment and cause metastatic lesions. This osteotropism was first described by Stephen Paget nearly 100 years ago as the ‘seed and soil’ hypothesis. Once cancer cells arrive at the bone they encounter a variety of cells native to the bone microenvironment which contribute to the establishment of bone metastatic lesions. In the first part of this review, the ‘seed and soil’ hypothesis is revisited while emphasizing recent developments in understanding the impact of native bone microenvironment cells on the metastatic process. Next, approved therapies for treating bone metastasis at the systemic level as well as those that target the bone microenvironment are discussed and current National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines relating to treatment of bone metastases are summarized. Finally, all open interventional clinical trials for therapies relating to treatment of bone metastasis have been complied and categorized. CONCLUSION: Understanding the recent advancements in bone metastasis research is important for continued development of novel bone targeted therapies. The plethora of ongoing clinical trials will hopefully translate into improved treatments options for patients suffering from bone metastatic cancers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5554406 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55544062017-08-15 Current concepts in bone metastasis, contemporary therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials Gdowski, Andrew S. Ranjan, Amalendu Vishwanatha, Jamboor K. J Exp Clin Cancer Res Review BACKGROUND: Elucidation of mechanisms regulating bone metastasis has progressed significantly in recent years and this has translated to many new therapeutic options for patients with bone metastatic cancers. However, the rapid rate of progress in both the basic science literature and therapies undergoing clinical trials makes staying abreast with current developments challenging. This review seeks to provide an update on the current state of the science in bone metastasis research and give a snap shot of therapies in clinical trials for bone metastatic cancer. MAIN BODY: Bone metastasis represents a difficult to treat clinical scenario due to pain, increased fracture risk, decreased quality of life and diminished overall survival outcomes. Multiple types of cancer have the specific ability to home to the bone microenvironment and cause metastatic lesions. This osteotropism was first described by Stephen Paget nearly 100 years ago as the ‘seed and soil’ hypothesis. Once cancer cells arrive at the bone they encounter a variety of cells native to the bone microenvironment which contribute to the establishment of bone metastatic lesions. In the first part of this review, the ‘seed and soil’ hypothesis is revisited while emphasizing recent developments in understanding the impact of native bone microenvironment cells on the metastatic process. Next, approved therapies for treating bone metastasis at the systemic level as well as those that target the bone microenvironment are discussed and current National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines relating to treatment of bone metastases are summarized. Finally, all open interventional clinical trials for therapies relating to treatment of bone metastasis have been complied and categorized. CONCLUSION: Understanding the recent advancements in bone metastasis research is important for continued development of novel bone targeted therapies. The plethora of ongoing clinical trials will hopefully translate into improved treatments options for patients suffering from bone metastatic cancers. BioMed Central 2017-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC5554406/ /pubmed/28800754 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-017-0578-1 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Review Gdowski, Andrew S. Ranjan, Amalendu Vishwanatha, Jamboor K. Current concepts in bone metastasis, contemporary therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials |
title | Current concepts in bone metastasis, contemporary therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials |
title_full | Current concepts in bone metastasis, contemporary therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials |
title_fullStr | Current concepts in bone metastasis, contemporary therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials |
title_full_unstemmed | Current concepts in bone metastasis, contemporary therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials |
title_short | Current concepts in bone metastasis, contemporary therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials |
title_sort | current concepts in bone metastasis, contemporary therapeutic strategies and ongoing clinical trials |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5554406/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28800754 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13046-017-0578-1 |
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