The Use of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography in Thoracic Aortic Dissection Due to Chronic Cocaine Abuse

INTRODUCTION: Aortic dissection is a life threatening disease and is usually accompanied by a high rate of mortality and morbidity. Here we present a case report in which intraoperative tranesophageal echocardiography was used for intraoperative assessments of thoracic aortic dissection due to cocaine abuse. CASE PRESENTATION: A 45- year- old male was admitted to a university hospital due to severe chest pain. He was suffering from severe excruciating chest pain that had started after a psychological stress, leading to heavy cocaine abuse. He was admitted to the emergency department of the hospital, and was then transferred to the cardiac care unit to control the chest pain. The patient underwent emergent surgery. After induction of anesthesia, tranesophageal echocardiography probe was introduced gently and a full exam was done. The surgeon decided to perform a classic Bentall procedure. Cardiopulmonary bypass was started. Everything was acceptable, but bleeding was uncontrolled. The surgical team could not control the bleeding, and he passed away due to bleeding. CONCLUSIONS: This case report stresses the use of IOTEE as a means for more accurate diagnosis of the lesion under general anesthesia, especially when there is not time to do preoperative TEE, or when bedside echocardiography does not give us adequate data.