Investigation and analysis of the characteristics and drug sensitivity of bacteria in skin ulcer infections

PURPOSE: Skin ulcer is a common type of disease affecting patients' health and quality of life, and bacterial infection increases the difficulty of its management. METHODS: The present study collected the results of bacterial culture sampled from the surface of 110 cases of skin ulcers at our hospital from January 2011 to December 2012. We analyzed the constituent ratios of ulcer surface bacteria, the change in the main infectious bacteria and the results of drug-sensitivity testing for common bacteria. In addition, the characteristics of bacterial infection of skin ulcers were summarized. RESULT: Of the 110 samples, 90 isolated bacteria were cultured. Sixty-one were Gram-negative bacteria, mainly comprising Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli. In addition, 23 isolates were Gram-positive bacteria, mainly comprising Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The probability of a negative bacterial culture in 2012 was significantly lower than that in 2011 (16.7% vs. 40.0%, p < 0.01). Moreover, the probability of P. aeruginosa infection in 2012 was significantly higher than that in 2011 (31.7% vs. 14.0%, p < 0.01). P. aeruginosa was resistant to seven commonly used antibiotics. Both K. pneumoniae and E. coli had higher resistance to ampicillin. E. cloacae were not sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam. Acinetobacter baumannii was resistant to all the tested drugs. S. aureus, E. faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis had high resistance to clindamycin. There was other drug resistance to reflect the higher rate of skin bacterial resistance. CONCLUSION: Skin bacterial resistance rate is high. Gram-negative bacteria gradually account for the majority, and P. aeruginosa becomes the most important skin infection pathogen. These characteristics of bacterial infections of skin ulcers provide a significant reference for guiding the selection of antibiotics, better controlling infections of skin ulcers and accelerating the healing of skin ulcers.