Prevalence and control of cardiovascular risk factors in stable coronary artery outpatients in India compared with the rest of the world: An analysis from international CLARIFY registry

OBJECTIVES: We describe the clinical characteristics, prevalence and control of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors of the Indian cohort enrolled in the CLARIFY registry and compare them with data from rest of the world (ROW). METHODS: CLARIFY is an international, prospective, observational, longitudinal cohort study in stable CAD outpatients. The baseline data of Indian cohort (n = 709) were compared to ROW (n = 31994). RESULTS: The CLARIFY India patients were significantly younger than the ROW (59.6 ± 10.9 vs 64.3 ± 10.4). Indian patients were more likely than those in ROW to have diabetes (42.9% vs 28.8%) and angina (27.8% vs 21.9%). Mean heart rate was significantly greater in Indians measured by either palpatory method (76.1 ± 10.4 vs 68.0 ± 10.5) or ECG (74.9 ± 12.9 vs 67.0 ± 11.3). The use of aspirin (85.6% vs 87.8%), β-blockers (69.4% vs 75.4%), and lipid-lowering agents (90% vs 92.4%) was lower in India. A significantly greater proportion of patients in India exhibited low HDL cholesterol (41.6% vs 31.2%), and heart rate ≥70 bpm (82.2% vs 48.5%). The risk factors control was poor in India with heart rate goal of ≤60 bpm achieved in 2.5%; HbA1c <7% in 9.9%; and HbA1c <6.5% in 4.6% patients. CONCLUSION: The CLARIFY registry demonstrates a high prevalence and poor control of cardiovascular risk factors in Indian patients. Systematic efforts to improve risk factor control are required.