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Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms

As coral reef habitats decline worldwide, some reefs are transitioning from coral- to algal-dominated benthos with the exact cause for this shift remaining elusive. Increases in the abundance of microbes in the water column has been correlated with an increase in coral disease and reduction in coral...

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Autores principales: Walsh, Kevin, Haggerty, J. Matthew, Doane, Michael P., Hansen, John J., Morris, Megan M., Moreira, Ana Paula B., de Oliveira, Louisi, Leomil, Luciana, Garcia, Gizele D., Thompson, Fabiano, Dinsdale, Elizabeth A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5562181/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28828261
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3666
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author Walsh, Kevin
Haggerty, J. Matthew
Doane, Michael P.
Hansen, John J.
Morris, Megan M.
Moreira, Ana Paula B.
de Oliveira, Louisi
Leomil, Luciana
Garcia, Gizele D.
Thompson, Fabiano
Dinsdale, Elizabeth A.
author_facet Walsh, Kevin
Haggerty, J. Matthew
Doane, Michael P.
Hansen, John J.
Morris, Megan M.
Moreira, Ana Paula B.
de Oliveira, Louisi
Leomil, Luciana
Garcia, Gizele D.
Thompson, Fabiano
Dinsdale, Elizabeth A.
author_sort Walsh, Kevin
collection PubMed
description As coral reef habitats decline worldwide, some reefs are transitioning from coral- to algal-dominated benthos with the exact cause for this shift remaining elusive. Increases in the abundance of microbes in the water column has been correlated with an increase in coral disease and reduction in coral cover. Here we investigated how multiple reef organisms influence microbial communities in the surrounding water column. Our study consisted of a field assessment of microbial communities above replicate patches dominated by a single macro-organism. Metagenomes were constructed from 20 L of water above distinct macro-organisms, including (1) the coral Mussismilia braziliensis, (2) fleshy macroalgae (Stypopodium, Dictota and Canistrocarpus), (3) turf algae, and (4) the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum and were compared to the water microbes collected 3 m above the reef. Microbial genera and functional potential were annotated using MG-RAST and showed that the dominant benthic macro-organisms influence the taxa and functions of microbes in the water column surrounding them, developing a specific “aura-biome”. The coral aura-biome reflected the open water column, and was associated with Synechococcus and functions suggesting oligotrophic growth, while the fleshy macroalgae aura-biome was associated with Ruegeria, Pseudomonas, and microbial functions suggesting low oxygen conditions. The turf algae aura-biome was associated with Vibrio, Flavobacterium, and functions suggesting pathogenic activity, while zoanthids were associated with Alteromonas and functions suggesting a stressful environment. Because each benthic organism has a distinct aura-biome, a change in benthic cover will change the microbial community of the water, which may lead to either the stimulation or suppression of the recruitment of benthic organisms.
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spelling pubmed-55621812017-08-21 Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms Walsh, Kevin Haggerty, J. Matthew Doane, Michael P. Hansen, John J. Morris, Megan M. Moreira, Ana Paula B. de Oliveira, Louisi Leomil, Luciana Garcia, Gizele D. Thompson, Fabiano Dinsdale, Elizabeth A. PeerJ Biodiversity As coral reef habitats decline worldwide, some reefs are transitioning from coral- to algal-dominated benthos with the exact cause for this shift remaining elusive. Increases in the abundance of microbes in the water column has been correlated with an increase in coral disease and reduction in coral cover. Here we investigated how multiple reef organisms influence microbial communities in the surrounding water column. Our study consisted of a field assessment of microbial communities above replicate patches dominated by a single macro-organism. Metagenomes were constructed from 20 L of water above distinct macro-organisms, including (1) the coral Mussismilia braziliensis, (2) fleshy macroalgae (Stypopodium, Dictota and Canistrocarpus), (3) turf algae, and (4) the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum and were compared to the water microbes collected 3 m above the reef. Microbial genera and functional potential were annotated using MG-RAST and showed that the dominant benthic macro-organisms influence the taxa and functions of microbes in the water column surrounding them, developing a specific “aura-biome”. The coral aura-biome reflected the open water column, and was associated with Synechococcus and functions suggesting oligotrophic growth, while the fleshy macroalgae aura-biome was associated with Ruegeria, Pseudomonas, and microbial functions suggesting low oxygen conditions. The turf algae aura-biome was associated with Vibrio, Flavobacterium, and functions suggesting pathogenic activity, while zoanthids were associated with Alteromonas and functions suggesting a stressful environment. Because each benthic organism has a distinct aura-biome, a change in benthic cover will change the microbial community of the water, which may lead to either the stimulation or suppression of the recruitment of benthic organisms. PeerJ Inc. 2017-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5562181/ /pubmed/28828261 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3666 Text en ©2017 Walsh et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Biodiversity
Walsh, Kevin
Haggerty, J. Matthew
Doane, Michael P.
Hansen, John J.
Morris, Megan M.
Moreira, Ana Paula B.
de Oliveira, Louisi
Leomil, Luciana
Garcia, Gizele D.
Thompson, Fabiano
Dinsdale, Elizabeth A.
Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms
title Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms
title_full Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms
title_fullStr Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms
title_full_unstemmed Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms
title_short Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms
title_sort aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms
topic Biodiversity
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5562181/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28828261
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3666
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