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Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms
As coral reef habitats decline worldwide, some reefs are transitioning from coral- to algal-dominated benthos with the exact cause for this shift remaining elusive. Increases in the abundance of microbes in the water column has been correlated with an increase in coral disease and reduction in coral...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5562181/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28828261 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3666 |
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author | Walsh, Kevin Haggerty, J. Matthew Doane, Michael P. Hansen, John J. Morris, Megan M. Moreira, Ana Paula B. de Oliveira, Louisi Leomil, Luciana Garcia, Gizele D. Thompson, Fabiano Dinsdale, Elizabeth A. |
author_facet | Walsh, Kevin Haggerty, J. Matthew Doane, Michael P. Hansen, John J. Morris, Megan M. Moreira, Ana Paula B. de Oliveira, Louisi Leomil, Luciana Garcia, Gizele D. Thompson, Fabiano Dinsdale, Elizabeth A. |
author_sort | Walsh, Kevin |
collection | PubMed |
description | As coral reef habitats decline worldwide, some reefs are transitioning from coral- to algal-dominated benthos with the exact cause for this shift remaining elusive. Increases in the abundance of microbes in the water column has been correlated with an increase in coral disease and reduction in coral cover. Here we investigated how multiple reef organisms influence microbial communities in the surrounding water column. Our study consisted of a field assessment of microbial communities above replicate patches dominated by a single macro-organism. Metagenomes were constructed from 20 L of water above distinct macro-organisms, including (1) the coral Mussismilia braziliensis, (2) fleshy macroalgae (Stypopodium, Dictota and Canistrocarpus), (3) turf algae, and (4) the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum and were compared to the water microbes collected 3 m above the reef. Microbial genera and functional potential were annotated using MG-RAST and showed that the dominant benthic macro-organisms influence the taxa and functions of microbes in the water column surrounding them, developing a specific “aura-biome”. The coral aura-biome reflected the open water column, and was associated with Synechococcus and functions suggesting oligotrophic growth, while the fleshy macroalgae aura-biome was associated with Ruegeria, Pseudomonas, and microbial functions suggesting low oxygen conditions. The turf algae aura-biome was associated with Vibrio, Flavobacterium, and functions suggesting pathogenic activity, while zoanthids were associated with Alteromonas and functions suggesting a stressful environment. Because each benthic organism has a distinct aura-biome, a change in benthic cover will change the microbial community of the water, which may lead to either the stimulation or suppression of the recruitment of benthic organisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5562181 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55621812017-08-21 Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms Walsh, Kevin Haggerty, J. Matthew Doane, Michael P. Hansen, John J. Morris, Megan M. Moreira, Ana Paula B. de Oliveira, Louisi Leomil, Luciana Garcia, Gizele D. Thompson, Fabiano Dinsdale, Elizabeth A. PeerJ Biodiversity As coral reef habitats decline worldwide, some reefs are transitioning from coral- to algal-dominated benthos with the exact cause for this shift remaining elusive. Increases in the abundance of microbes in the water column has been correlated with an increase in coral disease and reduction in coral cover. Here we investigated how multiple reef organisms influence microbial communities in the surrounding water column. Our study consisted of a field assessment of microbial communities above replicate patches dominated by a single macro-organism. Metagenomes were constructed from 20 L of water above distinct macro-organisms, including (1) the coral Mussismilia braziliensis, (2) fleshy macroalgae (Stypopodium, Dictota and Canistrocarpus), (3) turf algae, and (4) the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum and were compared to the water microbes collected 3 m above the reef. Microbial genera and functional potential were annotated using MG-RAST and showed that the dominant benthic macro-organisms influence the taxa and functions of microbes in the water column surrounding them, developing a specific “aura-biome”. The coral aura-biome reflected the open water column, and was associated with Synechococcus and functions suggesting oligotrophic growth, while the fleshy macroalgae aura-biome was associated with Ruegeria, Pseudomonas, and microbial functions suggesting low oxygen conditions. The turf algae aura-biome was associated with Vibrio, Flavobacterium, and functions suggesting pathogenic activity, while zoanthids were associated with Alteromonas and functions suggesting a stressful environment. Because each benthic organism has a distinct aura-biome, a change in benthic cover will change the microbial community of the water, which may lead to either the stimulation or suppression of the recruitment of benthic organisms. PeerJ Inc. 2017-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5562181/ /pubmed/28828261 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3666 Text en ©2017 Walsh et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Biodiversity Walsh, Kevin Haggerty, J. Matthew Doane, Michael P. Hansen, John J. Morris, Megan M. Moreira, Ana Paula B. de Oliveira, Louisi Leomil, Luciana Garcia, Gizele D. Thompson, Fabiano Dinsdale, Elizabeth A. Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms |
title | Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms |
title_full | Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms |
title_fullStr | Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms |
title_full_unstemmed | Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms |
title_short | Aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms |
title_sort | aura-biomes are present in the water layer above coral reef benthic macro-organisms |
topic | Biodiversity |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5562181/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28828261 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3666 |
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