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Pregnancy reduces the perception of anxiety
In humans, stress can be contagiously transmitted via chemosignals on a subconscious level. This study investigates how pregnancy affects neural responses to anxiety chemosignals. Using cotton pads, 28 men donated axillary sweat immediately before an academic examination (anxiety sweat) and during e...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569070/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28835640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07985-0 |
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author | Lübke, Katrin T. Busch, Anne Hoenen, Matthias Schaal, Benoist Pause, Bettina M. |
author_facet | Lübke, Katrin T. Busch, Anne Hoenen, Matthias Schaal, Benoist Pause, Bettina M. |
author_sort | Lübke, Katrin T. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In humans, stress can be contagiously transmitted via chemosignals on a subconscious level. This study investigates how pregnancy affects neural responses to anxiety chemosignals. Using cotton pads, 28 men donated axillary sweat immediately before an academic examination (anxiety sweat) and during ergometer training (control). Via a constant-flow olfactometer, samples were presented (oddball paradigm) to 12 non-pregnant (NP) women, 14 women in their first (T1), and 18 in their third (T3) trimester of pregnancy. Chemosensory event-related potentials and current source densities (CSD) were analysed (60 electrode setup). Compared to NP-women, pregnant women display diminished evaluative processing of the sweat samples (targets; P3-1/ P3-2 amplitudes) and delayed evaluative processing of the anxiety sweat (targets; P3-2 latency). T3-women show attenuated early processing (targets; N1 amplitude) compared to NP-women, and reduced evaluative processing compared to T1-women (standards; P3-2 amplitude). CSDs (P3-1/ P3-2 latency ranges) reveal that T1- and T3-women show an atypical activation distribution to anxiety sweat. Most participants were unable to detect the sweat samples (anxiety sweat: 79.5%, sport sweat 88.6%). The results demonstrate that the processing of anxiety chemosignals progressively vanishes during pregnancy. This effect is likely to occur without any cognitive control. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5569070 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55690702017-09-01 Pregnancy reduces the perception of anxiety Lübke, Katrin T. Busch, Anne Hoenen, Matthias Schaal, Benoist Pause, Bettina M. Sci Rep Article In humans, stress can be contagiously transmitted via chemosignals on a subconscious level. This study investigates how pregnancy affects neural responses to anxiety chemosignals. Using cotton pads, 28 men donated axillary sweat immediately before an academic examination (anxiety sweat) and during ergometer training (control). Via a constant-flow olfactometer, samples were presented (oddball paradigm) to 12 non-pregnant (NP) women, 14 women in their first (T1), and 18 in their third (T3) trimester of pregnancy. Chemosensory event-related potentials and current source densities (CSD) were analysed (60 electrode setup). Compared to NP-women, pregnant women display diminished evaluative processing of the sweat samples (targets; P3-1/ P3-2 amplitudes) and delayed evaluative processing of the anxiety sweat (targets; P3-2 latency). T3-women show attenuated early processing (targets; N1 amplitude) compared to NP-women, and reduced evaluative processing compared to T1-women (standards; P3-2 amplitude). CSDs (P3-1/ P3-2 latency ranges) reveal that T1- and T3-women show an atypical activation distribution to anxiety sweat. Most participants were unable to detect the sweat samples (anxiety sweat: 79.5%, sport sweat 88.6%). The results demonstrate that the processing of anxiety chemosignals progressively vanishes during pregnancy. This effect is likely to occur without any cognitive control. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5569070/ /pubmed/28835640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07985-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Lübke, Katrin T. Busch, Anne Hoenen, Matthias Schaal, Benoist Pause, Bettina M. Pregnancy reduces the perception of anxiety |
title | Pregnancy reduces the perception of anxiety |
title_full | Pregnancy reduces the perception of anxiety |
title_fullStr | Pregnancy reduces the perception of anxiety |
title_full_unstemmed | Pregnancy reduces the perception of anxiety |
title_short | Pregnancy reduces the perception of anxiety |
title_sort | pregnancy reduces the perception of anxiety |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569070/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28835640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07985-0 |
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