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Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence
BACKGROUND: The FMR1 premutation affects 1:291 women and is associated with a range of cognitive, affective, and physical health complications, including deficits in pragmatic language (i.e., social language). This study investigated attention to eye gaze as a fundamental social-cognitive skill that...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569479/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28835209 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9211-z |
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author | Klusek, Jessica Schmidt, Joseph Fairchild, Amanda J. Porter, Anna Roberts, Jane E. |
author_facet | Klusek, Jessica Schmidt, Joseph Fairchild, Amanda J. Porter, Anna Roberts, Jane E. |
author_sort | Klusek, Jessica |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The FMR1 premutation affects 1:291 women and is associated with a range of cognitive, affective, and physical health complications, including deficits in pragmatic language (i.e., social language). This study investigated attention to eye gaze as a fundamental social-cognitive skill that may be impaired in the FMR1 premutation and could underlie pragmatic deficits. Given the high prevalence of the FMR1 premutation, efforts to define its phenotype and mechanistic underpinnings have significant public health implications. METHODS: Thirty-five women with the FMR1 premutation and 20 control women completed an eye-tracking paradigm that recorded time spent dwelling within the eye region in response to a face displaying either direct or averted gaze. Pragmatic language ability was coded from a conversational sample using the Pragmatic Rating Scale. RESULTS: Women with the FMR1 premutation failed to show attentional preference to direct gaze and spent more time dwelling on the averted eyes relative to controls. While dwelling on the eyes was associated with better pragmatic language performance in controls, these variables were unrelated in the women with the FMR1 premutation. CONCLUSIONS: Altered sensitivity to social gaze, characterized by increased salience of averted gaze, was observed among women with the FMR1 premutation. Furthermore, women with the FMR1 premutation were unable to capitalize on information conveyed through the eyes to enhance social-communicative engagement, which differed from patterns seen in controls. These findings contribute to the growing characterization of social and communication phenotypes associated with the FMR1 premutation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5569479 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55694792017-08-29 Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence Klusek, Jessica Schmidt, Joseph Fairchild, Amanda J. Porter, Anna Roberts, Jane E. J Neurodev Disord Research BACKGROUND: The FMR1 premutation affects 1:291 women and is associated with a range of cognitive, affective, and physical health complications, including deficits in pragmatic language (i.e., social language). This study investigated attention to eye gaze as a fundamental social-cognitive skill that may be impaired in the FMR1 premutation and could underlie pragmatic deficits. Given the high prevalence of the FMR1 premutation, efforts to define its phenotype and mechanistic underpinnings have significant public health implications. METHODS: Thirty-five women with the FMR1 premutation and 20 control women completed an eye-tracking paradigm that recorded time spent dwelling within the eye region in response to a face displaying either direct or averted gaze. Pragmatic language ability was coded from a conversational sample using the Pragmatic Rating Scale. RESULTS: Women with the FMR1 premutation failed to show attentional preference to direct gaze and spent more time dwelling on the averted eyes relative to controls. While dwelling on the eyes was associated with better pragmatic language performance in controls, these variables were unrelated in the women with the FMR1 premutation. CONCLUSIONS: Altered sensitivity to social gaze, characterized by increased salience of averted gaze, was observed among women with the FMR1 premutation. Furthermore, women with the FMR1 premutation were unable to capitalize on information conveyed through the eyes to enhance social-communicative engagement, which differed from patterns seen in controls. These findings contribute to the growing characterization of social and communication phenotypes associated with the FMR1 premutation. BioMed Central 2017-08-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5569479/ /pubmed/28835209 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9211-z Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Klusek, Jessica Schmidt, Joseph Fairchild, Amanda J. Porter, Anna Roberts, Jane E. Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence |
title | Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence |
title_full | Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence |
title_fullStr | Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence |
title_full_unstemmed | Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence |
title_short | Altered sensitivity to social gaze in the FMR1 premutation and pragmatic language competence |
title_sort | altered sensitivity to social gaze in the fmr1 premutation and pragmatic language competence |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569479/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28835209 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9211-z |
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