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The Latex Protein MLX56 from Mulberry (Morus multicaulis) Protects Plants against Insect Pests and Pathogens

Biotic stresses are major constraints limiting the leaf quality and productivity of mulberry. MLX56 is a unique chitin-binding protein isolated from Shin-Ichinose (Morus alba) latex that displays toxicity against lepidopteran caterpillars. In this study, the full-length cDNA encoding MLX56 was isola...

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Autores principales: Gai, Ying-Ping, Zhao, Ya-Nan, Zhao, Huai-Ning, Yuan, Chuan-Zhong, Yuan, Shuo-Shuo, Li, Shuo, Zhu, Bing-Sen, Ji, Xian-Ling
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5572373/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28878804
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01475
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author Gai, Ying-Ping
Zhao, Ya-Nan
Zhao, Huai-Ning
Yuan, Chuan-Zhong
Yuan, Shuo-Shuo
Li, Shuo
Zhu, Bing-Sen
Ji, Xian-Ling
author_facet Gai, Ying-Ping
Zhao, Ya-Nan
Zhao, Huai-Ning
Yuan, Chuan-Zhong
Yuan, Shuo-Shuo
Li, Shuo
Zhu, Bing-Sen
Ji, Xian-Ling
author_sort Gai, Ying-Ping
collection PubMed
description Biotic stresses are major constraints limiting the leaf quality and productivity of mulberry. MLX56 is a unique chitin-binding protein isolated from Shin-Ichinose (Morus alba) latex that displays toxicity against lepidopteran caterpillars. In this study, the full-length cDNA encoding MLX56 was isolated from Husang 32 (M. multicaulis) and designated HMLX56. Amino acid sequence analysis and protein modeling of three MLX56 proteins showed that they were highly conserved among Morus species. Tissue expression pattern analysis showed that the HMLX56 gene was strongly expressed in mulberry bark and leaves but only slightly expressed in fruits. In addition, analysis of GUS expression indicated that the promoter of HMLX56 showed higher transcriptional activity along the vascular strands, and its activity can be regulated by various environmental factors. Like the MLX56 protein from M. alba, the HMLX56 protein showed toxicity to Plutella xylostella. Moreover, when the HMLX56 gene was ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis, the transgenic plants showed enhanced resistance to aphids, the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea and the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Our data suggest that the HMLX56 protein has a lectin-like molecular structure consisting of two hevein-like chitin-binding domains which provide not only chitin-binding activities but also other mechanisms of defense. The information provided here improves our understanding of the potential functions and defense mechanisms of MLX56 proteins, enabling in-depth functional analysis of latex exudates and perhaps facilitating mulberry genetic improvement in the future.
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spelling pubmed-55723732017-09-06 The Latex Protein MLX56 from Mulberry (Morus multicaulis) Protects Plants against Insect Pests and Pathogens Gai, Ying-Ping Zhao, Ya-Nan Zhao, Huai-Ning Yuan, Chuan-Zhong Yuan, Shuo-Shuo Li, Shuo Zhu, Bing-Sen Ji, Xian-Ling Front Plant Sci Plant Science Biotic stresses are major constraints limiting the leaf quality and productivity of mulberry. MLX56 is a unique chitin-binding protein isolated from Shin-Ichinose (Morus alba) latex that displays toxicity against lepidopteran caterpillars. In this study, the full-length cDNA encoding MLX56 was isolated from Husang 32 (M. multicaulis) and designated HMLX56. Amino acid sequence analysis and protein modeling of three MLX56 proteins showed that they were highly conserved among Morus species. Tissue expression pattern analysis showed that the HMLX56 gene was strongly expressed in mulberry bark and leaves but only slightly expressed in fruits. In addition, analysis of GUS expression indicated that the promoter of HMLX56 showed higher transcriptional activity along the vascular strands, and its activity can be regulated by various environmental factors. Like the MLX56 protein from M. alba, the HMLX56 protein showed toxicity to Plutella xylostella. Moreover, when the HMLX56 gene was ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis, the transgenic plants showed enhanced resistance to aphids, the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea and the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Our data suggest that the HMLX56 protein has a lectin-like molecular structure consisting of two hevein-like chitin-binding domains which provide not only chitin-binding activities but also other mechanisms of defense. The information provided here improves our understanding of the potential functions and defense mechanisms of MLX56 proteins, enabling in-depth functional analysis of latex exudates and perhaps facilitating mulberry genetic improvement in the future. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5572373/ /pubmed/28878804 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01475 Text en Copyright © 2017 Gai, Zhao, Zhao, Yuan, Yuan, Li, Zhu and Ji. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Gai, Ying-Ping
Zhao, Ya-Nan
Zhao, Huai-Ning
Yuan, Chuan-Zhong
Yuan, Shuo-Shuo
Li, Shuo
Zhu, Bing-Sen
Ji, Xian-Ling
The Latex Protein MLX56 from Mulberry (Morus multicaulis) Protects Plants against Insect Pests and Pathogens
title The Latex Protein MLX56 from Mulberry (Morus multicaulis) Protects Plants against Insect Pests and Pathogens
title_full The Latex Protein MLX56 from Mulberry (Morus multicaulis) Protects Plants against Insect Pests and Pathogens
title_fullStr The Latex Protein MLX56 from Mulberry (Morus multicaulis) Protects Plants against Insect Pests and Pathogens
title_full_unstemmed The Latex Protein MLX56 from Mulberry (Morus multicaulis) Protects Plants against Insect Pests and Pathogens
title_short The Latex Protein MLX56 from Mulberry (Morus multicaulis) Protects Plants against Insect Pests and Pathogens
title_sort latex protein mlx56 from mulberry (morus multicaulis) protects plants against insect pests and pathogens
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5572373/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28878804
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01475
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