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2 + 1 dimensional de Sitter universe emerging from the gauge structure of a nonlinear quantum system
Berry phases and gauge structures are fundamental quantum phenomena. In linear quantum mechanics the gauge field in parameter space presents monopole singularities where the energy levels become degenerate. In nonlinear quantum mechanics, which is an effective theory of interacting quantum systems,...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5574952/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28851871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08183-8 |
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author | Kam, Chon-Fai Liu, Ren-Bao |
author_facet | Kam, Chon-Fai Liu, Ren-Bao |
author_sort | Kam, Chon-Fai |
collection | PubMed |
description | Berry phases and gauge structures are fundamental quantum phenomena. In linear quantum mechanics the gauge field in parameter space presents monopole singularities where the energy levels become degenerate. In nonlinear quantum mechanics, which is an effective theory of interacting quantum systems, there can be phase transitions and hence critical surfaces in the parameter space. We find that these critical surfaces result in a new type of gauge field singularity, namely, a conic singularity that resembles the big bang of a 2 + 1 dimensional de Sitter universe, with the fundamental frequency of Bogoliubov excitations acting as the cosmic scale, and mode softening at the critical surface, where the fundamental frequency vanishes, causing a causal singularity. Such conic singularity may be observed in various systems such as Bose-Einstein condensates and molecular magnets. This finding offers a new approach to quantum simulation of fundamental physics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5574952 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55749522017-09-01 2 + 1 dimensional de Sitter universe emerging from the gauge structure of a nonlinear quantum system Kam, Chon-Fai Liu, Ren-Bao Sci Rep Article Berry phases and gauge structures are fundamental quantum phenomena. In linear quantum mechanics the gauge field in parameter space presents monopole singularities where the energy levels become degenerate. In nonlinear quantum mechanics, which is an effective theory of interacting quantum systems, there can be phase transitions and hence critical surfaces in the parameter space. We find that these critical surfaces result in a new type of gauge field singularity, namely, a conic singularity that resembles the big bang of a 2 + 1 dimensional de Sitter universe, with the fundamental frequency of Bogoliubov excitations acting as the cosmic scale, and mode softening at the critical surface, where the fundamental frequency vanishes, causing a causal singularity. Such conic singularity may be observed in various systems such as Bose-Einstein condensates and molecular magnets. This finding offers a new approach to quantum simulation of fundamental physics. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC5574952/ /pubmed/28851871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08183-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Kam, Chon-Fai Liu, Ren-Bao 2 + 1 dimensional de Sitter universe emerging from the gauge structure of a nonlinear quantum system |
title | 2 + 1 dimensional de Sitter universe emerging from the gauge structure of a nonlinear quantum system |
title_full | 2 + 1 dimensional de Sitter universe emerging from the gauge structure of a nonlinear quantum system |
title_fullStr | 2 + 1 dimensional de Sitter universe emerging from the gauge structure of a nonlinear quantum system |
title_full_unstemmed | 2 + 1 dimensional de Sitter universe emerging from the gauge structure of a nonlinear quantum system |
title_short | 2 + 1 dimensional de Sitter universe emerging from the gauge structure of a nonlinear quantum system |
title_sort | 2 + 1 dimensional de sitter universe emerging from the gauge structure of a nonlinear quantum system |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5574952/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28851871 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08183-8 |
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