Cargando…

High Fat High Sugar Diet Reduces Voluntary Wheel Running in Mice Independent of Sex Hormone Involvement

Introduction: Indirect results in humans suggest that chronic overfeeding decreases physical activity with few suggestions regarding what mechanism(s) may link overfeeding and decreased activity. The primary sex hormones are known regulators of activity and there are reports that chronic overfeeding...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Vellers, Heather L., Letsinger, Ayland C., Walker, Nicholas R., Granados, Jorge Z., Lightfoot, J. Timothy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5575154/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28890701
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00628
_version_ 1783259985543692288
author Vellers, Heather L.
Letsinger, Ayland C.
Walker, Nicholas R.
Granados, Jorge Z.
Lightfoot, J. Timothy
author_facet Vellers, Heather L.
Letsinger, Ayland C.
Walker, Nicholas R.
Granados, Jorge Z.
Lightfoot, J. Timothy
author_sort Vellers, Heather L.
collection PubMed
description Introduction: Indirect results in humans suggest that chronic overfeeding decreases physical activity with few suggestions regarding what mechanism(s) may link overfeeding and decreased activity. The primary sex hormones are known regulators of activity and there are reports that chronic overfeeding alters sex hormone levels. Thepurpose of this study was to determine if chronic overfeeding altered wheel running through altered sex hormone levels. Materials and Methods: C57BL/6J mice were bred and the pups were weaned at 3-weeks of age and randomly assigned to either a control (CFD) or high fat/high sugar (HFHS) diet for 9–11 weeks depending on activity analysis. Nutritional intake, body composition, sex hormone levels, and 3-day and 2-week wheel-running activity were measured. Additionally, groups of HFHS animals were supplemented with testosterone (males) and 17β-estradiol (females) to determine if sex hormone augmentation altered diet-induced changes in activity. Results: 117 mice (56♂, 61♀) were analyzed. The HFHS mice consumed significantly more calories per day than CFD mice (male: p < 0.0001; female: p < 0.0001) and had significantly higher body fat (male: p < 0.0001; female: p < 0.0001). The HFHS diet did not reduce sex hormone levels, but did significantly reduce acute running-wheel distance in male (p = 0.05, 70 ± 28%) and female mice (p = 0.02, 57 ± 26%). In animals that received hormone supplementation, there was no significant effect on activity levels. Two-weeks of wheel access was not sufficient to alter HFHS-induced reductions in activity or increases in body fat. Conclusion: Chronic overfeeding reduces wheel running, but is independent of the primary sex hormones.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5575154
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2017
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-55751542017-09-08 High Fat High Sugar Diet Reduces Voluntary Wheel Running in Mice Independent of Sex Hormone Involvement Vellers, Heather L. Letsinger, Ayland C. Walker, Nicholas R. Granados, Jorge Z. Lightfoot, J. Timothy Front Physiol Physiology Introduction: Indirect results in humans suggest that chronic overfeeding decreases physical activity with few suggestions regarding what mechanism(s) may link overfeeding and decreased activity. The primary sex hormones are known regulators of activity and there are reports that chronic overfeeding alters sex hormone levels. Thepurpose of this study was to determine if chronic overfeeding altered wheel running through altered sex hormone levels. Materials and Methods: C57BL/6J mice were bred and the pups were weaned at 3-weeks of age and randomly assigned to either a control (CFD) or high fat/high sugar (HFHS) diet for 9–11 weeks depending on activity analysis. Nutritional intake, body composition, sex hormone levels, and 3-day and 2-week wheel-running activity were measured. Additionally, groups of HFHS animals were supplemented with testosterone (males) and 17β-estradiol (females) to determine if sex hormone augmentation altered diet-induced changes in activity. Results: 117 mice (56♂, 61♀) were analyzed. The HFHS mice consumed significantly more calories per day than CFD mice (male: p < 0.0001; female: p < 0.0001) and had significantly higher body fat (male: p < 0.0001; female: p < 0.0001). The HFHS diet did not reduce sex hormone levels, but did significantly reduce acute running-wheel distance in male (p = 0.05, 70 ± 28%) and female mice (p = 0.02, 57 ± 26%). In animals that received hormone supplementation, there was no significant effect on activity levels. Two-weeks of wheel access was not sufficient to alter HFHS-induced reductions in activity or increases in body fat. Conclusion: Chronic overfeeding reduces wheel running, but is independent of the primary sex hormones. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC5575154/ /pubmed/28890701 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00628 Text en Copyright © 2017 Vellers, Letsinger, Walker, Granados and Lightfoot. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Vellers, Heather L.
Letsinger, Ayland C.
Walker, Nicholas R.
Granados, Jorge Z.
Lightfoot, J. Timothy
High Fat High Sugar Diet Reduces Voluntary Wheel Running in Mice Independent of Sex Hormone Involvement
title High Fat High Sugar Diet Reduces Voluntary Wheel Running in Mice Independent of Sex Hormone Involvement
title_full High Fat High Sugar Diet Reduces Voluntary Wheel Running in Mice Independent of Sex Hormone Involvement
title_fullStr High Fat High Sugar Diet Reduces Voluntary Wheel Running in Mice Independent of Sex Hormone Involvement
title_full_unstemmed High Fat High Sugar Diet Reduces Voluntary Wheel Running in Mice Independent of Sex Hormone Involvement
title_short High Fat High Sugar Diet Reduces Voluntary Wheel Running in Mice Independent of Sex Hormone Involvement
title_sort high fat high sugar diet reduces voluntary wheel running in mice independent of sex hormone involvement
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5575154/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28890701
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00628
work_keys_str_mv AT vellersheatherl highfathighsugardietreducesvoluntarywheelrunninginmiceindependentofsexhormoneinvolvement
AT letsingeraylandc highfathighsugardietreducesvoluntarywheelrunninginmiceindependentofsexhormoneinvolvement
AT walkernicholasr highfathighsugardietreducesvoluntarywheelrunninginmiceindependentofsexhormoneinvolvement
AT granadosjorgez highfathighsugardietreducesvoluntarywheelrunninginmiceindependentofsexhormoneinvolvement
AT lightfootjtimothy highfathighsugardietreducesvoluntarywheelrunninginmiceindependentofsexhormoneinvolvement