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Sintering Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticle Films via AgCl Nanocrystal Formation

Electrically conductive films are key components in most printed and flexible electronics applications. For the solution processing of conductive films, inks containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) remain important because of their relatively easy processing and generally low resistivity after a sin...

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Autores principales: Öhlund, Thomas, Hummelgård, Magnus, Olin, Håkan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5575706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28817099
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano7080224
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author Öhlund, Thomas
Hummelgård, Magnus
Olin, Håkan
author_facet Öhlund, Thomas
Hummelgård, Magnus
Olin, Håkan
author_sort Öhlund, Thomas
collection PubMed
description Electrically conductive films are key components in most printed and flexible electronics applications. For the solution processing of conductive films, inks containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) remain important because of their relatively easy processing and generally low resistivity after a sintering procedure. Because the commonly used, moderate sintering temperatures of 150–300 °C are still too high for most low-cost flexible substrates, expanding the knowledge of surface-ink interactions that affect the sintering temperature is desirable. It is known that chloride ions can assist the sintering of AgNP films by displacing capping agents on the surfaces of AgNPs. However, very little is known about other possible Cl-AgNP interactions that affect the resistivity and no interaction having the opposite effect (sintering inhibition) has been identified before. Here we identify such a Cl-AgNP interaction giving sintering inhibition and find that the mechanism involves the formation of AgCl nanocrystals within the AgNP film. The AgCl formation was observed after inkjet-printing of AgNP inks with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the capping agent onto papers with quick-absorbing coatings containing 0.3 wt % KCl. Our findings show that chloride can have opposite roles during sintering, either assisting or inhibiting the sintering depending on the prevalence of AgCl formation. The prevalence of AgCl formation depends on the absorption properties and the capping agent.
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spelling pubmed-55757062017-09-01 Sintering Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticle Films via AgCl Nanocrystal Formation Öhlund, Thomas Hummelgård, Magnus Olin, Håkan Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Electrically conductive films are key components in most printed and flexible electronics applications. For the solution processing of conductive films, inks containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) remain important because of their relatively easy processing and generally low resistivity after a sintering procedure. Because the commonly used, moderate sintering temperatures of 150–300 °C are still too high for most low-cost flexible substrates, expanding the knowledge of surface-ink interactions that affect the sintering temperature is desirable. It is known that chloride ions can assist the sintering of AgNP films by displacing capping agents on the surfaces of AgNPs. However, very little is known about other possible Cl-AgNP interactions that affect the resistivity and no interaction having the opposite effect (sintering inhibition) has been identified before. Here we identify such a Cl-AgNP interaction giving sintering inhibition and find that the mechanism involves the formation of AgCl nanocrystals within the AgNP film. The AgCl formation was observed after inkjet-printing of AgNP inks with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the capping agent onto papers with quick-absorbing coatings containing 0.3 wt % KCl. Our findings show that chloride can have opposite roles during sintering, either assisting or inhibiting the sintering depending on the prevalence of AgCl formation. The prevalence of AgCl formation depends on the absorption properties and the capping agent. MDPI 2017-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC5575706/ /pubmed/28817099 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano7080224 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Öhlund, Thomas
Hummelgård, Magnus
Olin, Håkan
Sintering Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticle Films via AgCl Nanocrystal Formation
title Sintering Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticle Films via AgCl Nanocrystal Formation
title_full Sintering Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticle Films via AgCl Nanocrystal Formation
title_fullStr Sintering Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticle Films via AgCl Nanocrystal Formation
title_full_unstemmed Sintering Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticle Films via AgCl Nanocrystal Formation
title_short Sintering Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticle Films via AgCl Nanocrystal Formation
title_sort sintering inhibition of silver nanoparticle films via agcl nanocrystal formation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5575706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28817099
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano7080224
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