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Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review
Mastication is mainly involved in food intake and nutrient digestion with the aid of teeth. Mastication is also important for preserving and promoting general health, including hippocampus-dependent cognition. Both animal and human studies indicate that mastication influences hippocampal functions t...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5578077/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28771175 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18081687 |
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author | Azuma, Kagaku Zhou, Qian Niwa, Masami Kubo, Kin-ya |
author_facet | Azuma, Kagaku Zhou, Qian Niwa, Masami Kubo, Kin-ya |
author_sort | Azuma, Kagaku |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mastication is mainly involved in food intake and nutrient digestion with the aid of teeth. Mastication is also important for preserving and promoting general health, including hippocampus-dependent cognition. Both animal and human studies indicate that mastication influences hippocampal functions through the end product of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, glucocorticoid (GC). Epidemiologic studies suggest that masticatory dysfunction in aged individuals, such as that resulting from tooth loss and periodontitis, acting as a source of chronic stress, activates the HPA axis, leading to increases in circulating GCs and eventually inducing various physical and psychological diseases, such as cognitive impairment, cardiovascular disorders, and osteoporosis. Recent studies demonstrated that masticatory stimulation or chewing during stressful conditions suppresses the hyperactivity of the HPA axis via GCs and GC receptors within the hippocampus, and ameliorates chronic stress-induced hippocampus-dependent cognitive deficits. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of current research regarding the association between mastication, the hippocampus, and HPA axis activity. We also discuss several potential molecular mechanisms involved in the interactions between mastication, hippocampal function, and HPA axis activity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5578077 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-55780772017-09-05 Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review Azuma, Kagaku Zhou, Qian Niwa, Masami Kubo, Kin-ya Int J Mol Sci Review Mastication is mainly involved in food intake and nutrient digestion with the aid of teeth. Mastication is also important for preserving and promoting general health, including hippocampus-dependent cognition. Both animal and human studies indicate that mastication influences hippocampal functions through the end product of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, glucocorticoid (GC). Epidemiologic studies suggest that masticatory dysfunction in aged individuals, such as that resulting from tooth loss and periodontitis, acting as a source of chronic stress, activates the HPA axis, leading to increases in circulating GCs and eventually inducing various physical and psychological diseases, such as cognitive impairment, cardiovascular disorders, and osteoporosis. Recent studies demonstrated that masticatory stimulation or chewing during stressful conditions suppresses the hyperactivity of the HPA axis via GCs and GC receptors within the hippocampus, and ameliorates chronic stress-induced hippocampus-dependent cognitive deficits. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of current research regarding the association between mastication, the hippocampus, and HPA axis activity. We also discuss several potential molecular mechanisms involved in the interactions between mastication, hippocampal function, and HPA axis activity. MDPI 2017-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5578077/ /pubmed/28771175 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18081687 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Azuma, Kagaku Zhou, Qian Niwa, Masami Kubo, Kin-ya Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review |
title | Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review |
title_full | Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review |
title_fullStr | Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review |
title_short | Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review |
title_sort | association between mastication, the hippocampus, and the hpa axis: a comprehensive review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5578077/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28771175 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18081687 |
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