Cargando…

Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review

Mastication is mainly involved in food intake and nutrient digestion with the aid of teeth. Mastication is also important for preserving and promoting general health, including hippocampus-dependent cognition. Both animal and human studies indicate that mastication influences hippocampal functions t...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Azuma, Kagaku, Zhou, Qian, Niwa, Masami, Kubo, Kin-ya
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5578077/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28771175
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18081687
_version_ 1783260463723708416
author Azuma, Kagaku
Zhou, Qian
Niwa, Masami
Kubo, Kin-ya
author_facet Azuma, Kagaku
Zhou, Qian
Niwa, Masami
Kubo, Kin-ya
author_sort Azuma, Kagaku
collection PubMed
description Mastication is mainly involved in food intake and nutrient digestion with the aid of teeth. Mastication is also important for preserving and promoting general health, including hippocampus-dependent cognition. Both animal and human studies indicate that mastication influences hippocampal functions through the end product of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, glucocorticoid (GC). Epidemiologic studies suggest that masticatory dysfunction in aged individuals, such as that resulting from tooth loss and periodontitis, acting as a source of chronic stress, activates the HPA axis, leading to increases in circulating GCs and eventually inducing various physical and psychological diseases, such as cognitive impairment, cardiovascular disorders, and osteoporosis. Recent studies demonstrated that masticatory stimulation or chewing during stressful conditions suppresses the hyperactivity of the HPA axis via GCs and GC receptors within the hippocampus, and ameliorates chronic stress-induced hippocampus-dependent cognitive deficits. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of current research regarding the association between mastication, the hippocampus, and HPA axis activity. We also discuss several potential molecular mechanisms involved in the interactions between mastication, hippocampal function, and HPA axis activity.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5578077
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2017
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-55780772017-09-05 Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review Azuma, Kagaku Zhou, Qian Niwa, Masami Kubo, Kin-ya Int J Mol Sci Review Mastication is mainly involved in food intake and nutrient digestion with the aid of teeth. Mastication is also important for preserving and promoting general health, including hippocampus-dependent cognition. Both animal and human studies indicate that mastication influences hippocampal functions through the end product of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, glucocorticoid (GC). Epidemiologic studies suggest that masticatory dysfunction in aged individuals, such as that resulting from tooth loss and periodontitis, acting as a source of chronic stress, activates the HPA axis, leading to increases in circulating GCs and eventually inducing various physical and psychological diseases, such as cognitive impairment, cardiovascular disorders, and osteoporosis. Recent studies demonstrated that masticatory stimulation or chewing during stressful conditions suppresses the hyperactivity of the HPA axis via GCs and GC receptors within the hippocampus, and ameliorates chronic stress-induced hippocampus-dependent cognitive deficits. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of current research regarding the association between mastication, the hippocampus, and HPA axis activity. We also discuss several potential molecular mechanisms involved in the interactions between mastication, hippocampal function, and HPA axis activity. MDPI 2017-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5578077/ /pubmed/28771175 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18081687 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Azuma, Kagaku
Zhou, Qian
Niwa, Masami
Kubo, Kin-ya
Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review
title Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review
title_full Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review
title_fullStr Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review
title_full_unstemmed Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review
title_short Association between Mastication, the Hippocampus, and the HPA Axis: A Comprehensive Review
title_sort association between mastication, the hippocampus, and the hpa axis: a comprehensive review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5578077/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28771175
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18081687
work_keys_str_mv AT azumakagaku associationbetweenmasticationthehippocampusandthehpaaxisacomprehensivereview
AT zhouqian associationbetweenmasticationthehippocampusandthehpaaxisacomprehensivereview
AT niwamasami associationbetweenmasticationthehippocampusandthehpaaxisacomprehensivereview
AT kubokinya associationbetweenmasticationthehippocampusandthehpaaxisacomprehensivereview